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Advanced Semiconductor Physics EE 698D Fall 2004 SUMMARY

Advanced Semiconductor Physics EE 698D Fall 2004 SUMMARY. Topics Covered. Semiconductor Bandstructure & Effective Mass Approximation Phonons/Lattice Vibrations Electronic Transport Optical Properties Quantum Confined Structures & Device Applications. Semiconductor Bandstructure.

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Advanced Semiconductor Physics EE 698D Fall 2004 SUMMARY

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  1. Advanced Semiconductor Physics EE 698D Fall 2004 SUMMARY

  2. Topics Covered • Semiconductor Bandstructure & Effective Mass Approximation • Phonons/Lattice Vibrations • Electronic Transport • Optical Properties • Quantum Confined Structures & Device Applications

  3. Semiconductor Bandstructure Silicon GaAs GaN

  4. Bandstructure – k.p • Most of the action happens very close to the CB & VB edges • k.p theory ideal to handle such cases From Notes

  5. Bandstructure – more accurate methods • Empirical Pseudopotential Method • LCAO methods Silicon GaAs

  6. Phonons / Lattice Vibrations Phonon Dispersion of a typical semiconductor

  7. Transport – Depends on Bandstructure, Phonons, Defects Example : GaN

  8. Transport – Scattering and Velocity – field curves • Low-field: Mobility • High field – Velocity Saturation, Optical Phonon emission

  9. Table of Scattering Processes

  10. Theoretical Formalism

  11. Theoretical Formalism – Contd…

  12. Theoretical Formalism – Contd…

  13. Theoretical Formalism – Contd… FERMI’S GOLDEN RULE

  14. Transport in a Silicon MOSFET Electron Distribution in k-space Electron Distribution in Real-Space

  15. Ballistic Transport – Electrons as waves Electrons flow and “diffract” like Waves on surface of water…

  16. Optical Properties

  17. Light in periodic structures… Photonic Bandgap Crystals

  18. Bandgaps for light…

  19. Quantum Confined Structures

  20. Quantum Confined Structures Nanotubes – 1D (Quantum Wires) Epitaxial 0-D (Quantum Dots) Nanowire Superlattices Nanowire “Combs”

  21. Bulk Semiconductor – Device Applications Today’s HBT The First Transistor (1947) Today’s MOSFET

  22. Quantum – Well Devices GaN HEMTs High-electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) GaAs Laser Diodes

  23. Quantum Well Devices – GaN Solid State Lighting Blu-Ray DVD (GaN QW Laser) White LEDs - The New Bulbs!

  24. Superlattices – Device Applications Quantum Cascade Lasers

  25. Quantum Well Devices : Organic Semiconductors Flexible Displays (Based on optical transitions in organic QW- structures)

  26. Quantum Wire Device Applications Nanowire Laser Arrays Nanotube FETs

  27. Quantum Dot Applications Nanocrystal (Quantum-Dot) Luminescence Spectra Quantum confinement changes emission wavelengths!

  28. Quantum Dot Applications Today’s Nanocrystals Bio-Applications Stained Glass – Uses quantum-dot dispersion In Glass (19th-century)!

  29. And Finally… The NEW Christmas Lights! Hope you take away from this class the Excitement of this field …

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