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CONSTITUTION OF 1791

CONSTITUTION OF 1791. The Constitution of 1791 - The National Assembly writes a new constitution then disbands France becomes a constitutional monarchy King has few powers under the new constitution Legislative Assembly = the new national parliament of France

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CONSTITUTION OF 1791

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  1. CONSTITUTION OF 1791 The Constitution of 1791 - • The National Assembly writes a new constitution then disbands • France becomes a constitutional monarchy • King has few powers under the new constitution • Legislative Assembly = the new national parliament of France • Active Citizens = those who could pay a tax and vote/Passive Citizens = those who couldn’t vote

  2. THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY The Legislative Assembly - • Administrative restructuring = France is divided into “83 departments” which were local districts • Election of local councils and officials • Bourgeoisie /lawyers now control local government • Assignats = new revolutionary paper currency - hit by inflation • Massive financial problems for the govt - tax evasion

  3. THE JACOBINS The Jacobins = • members of a Paris political club which spread throughout France • they wanted more radical changes

  4. THE FLIGHT TO VARENNES • June 1791 - The king tries to escape to Austria and is captured at Varennes near the border • The National Assembly begins governing in Oct. 1791 with a discredited and disloyal king heading the govt

  5. OPPOSITION FROM ABROAD • Old Regime/Absolute monarchs in Europe opposed the French Revolution • Feared the rev would set a bad example • Feared that it might spread to their states • The Declaration of Pillnitz = Austria and Prussia call on all monarchs to join together to restore • King Louis to absolute power • The D. of P. angers the Nat. Assembly - France Declares war on Austria in April 1792 The Prussian King and the Austrian Emperor - enemies of the French Revolution

  6. THE SUMMER OF 1792 1. France does badly at the start of the war against Austria 2. Economic shortages 3. Radicals in Paris begin to demonstrate and protest - blame the king for all problems 4. The Paris Commune = radical leaders in Paris form their own city got to overthrow the existing got 5. August 1792 - Radical mobs attack the Tuileries (the king’s palace in Paris) The kings guards are slaughtered and the king and family flee to the Nat. Assembly Radical mobs attack the National Assembly King is captured and imprisoned National Assembly is forced to suspend the monarchy and create a new government 6. The new government will be created by the “National Convention” whose members will be elected on the basis of universal male suffrage (all males have right to vote) 7. The National Convention will write a new constitution = create a republic/no more monarchy

  7. THE RADICAL REVOLUTION August 1792 - 1. Marks the end of the monarchy 2. The end of the National Assembly 3. The end of the moderate phase of the revolution 4. The beginning of a new radical phase of the revolution 5. These events are sometimes called “the second revolution” San-culottes - ordinary people without fine clothes/they wore pants not knickers or breeches 1. These people are the dominate force in the Paris Commune 2. These people demand that the revolution go farther and make more radical changes

  8. SEPTEMBER 1792 The September Massacres - massive numbers of suspected “enemies of the revolution”, counter-revolutionaries, supporters of the king and the national assembly are arrested…then the crowds seize the prisons and murder the prisoners September 1792 - The National Convention begins meeting/they vote to abolish the monarchy & est. a republic The Girondins and the Mountain = two different factions of the Jacobins in the National Convention

  9. THE EXECUTION OF KING LOUIS XVI January 1793 – the King is put on trial then executed by the guillotine

  10. DOMESTIC CRISES • The Girondins • The Mountain • June 1793 – radical mobs force the arrest and execution of the Girondins • The Revolt of the Vendee • France 1793 = major domestic chaos and turmoil

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