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Physical & Chemical Properties of Matter

Physical & Chemical Properties of Matter. Physical Properties. Physical property – any characteristic that can be observed without changing the composition of the substance. Examples of Physical Properties. Viscosity – a liquids resistance to flowing

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Physical & Chemical Properties of Matter

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  1. Physical & Chemical Properties of Matter

  2. Physical Properties • Physical property – any characteristic that can be observed without changing the composition of the substance

  3. Examples of Physical Properties • Viscosity – a liquids resistance to flowing • Conductivity – ability to allow heat to flow • Malleability – ability to be shaped with a hammer • Hardness

  4. Examples, cont. • Melting point – temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid • Boiling point – temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas • Density = mass/volume (“heavy” vs “light”)

  5. Using Physical Properties • Used to identify unknown materials • Ex: used in forensics to solve crimes • Used to choose appropriate material for a job • Used to separate mixtures • Filtration – separates materials based on particle size • Distillation – separate solutions based on boiling points

  6. Chemical Properties • Chemical property – produces a change in the composition of the matter

  7. Chemical Properties • Flammability – material’s ability to burn in the presence of oxygen • Reactivity – ability to combine chemically with another substance

  8. Recognizing Chemical Changes • A change in color (brief video) • Production of a gas (bubbles video) • Formation of a precipitate (brief precipitation video) • Precipitate – a solid that forms and separates from a liquid

  9. Physical vs Chemical Change • Physical change – occurs when some properties of a material changes, but substances in the material stays the same • Example: melting of ice • Chemical change – substance reacts and forms a new substance • Example: rusting of a nail

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