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Physical and Chemical Properties Solutions, Density, States of Matter, and pH

Physical and Chemical Properties Solutions, Density, States of Matter, and pH. Test Prep. Chemical or Physical Change. A Log Burning Evaporation of gasoline Sawing wood Rusting nail Exploding fireworks Toasting a marshmallow Freezing water Crushing a can Rotting egg Boiling water.

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Physical and Chemical Properties Solutions, Density, States of Matter, and pH

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  1. Physical and Chemical PropertiesSolutions, Density, States of Matter, and pH Test Prep

  2. Chemical or Physical Change • A Log Burning • Evaporation of gasoline • Sawing wood • Rusting nail • Exploding fireworks • Toasting a marshmallow • Freezing water • Crushing a can • Rotting egg • Boiling water

  3. Photosynthesis • Melting of Ice Cube • Burning Paper • Cooking an egg over easy • Crystallization of sugar • Evaporation of alcohol • Corrosion of iron • Shape of an apple • Vinegar and baking soda making salt and water • Burning of methane gas producing water and carbon dioxide • Formation of silver sulfide when silver reacts with sulfur • Condensation of water vapor on the outside of a can

  4. is mass lost, gained, or new substances formed in a chemical change? • Is a new substance formed in a physical change?

  5. Density • A piece of metal has a mass of 35g as determined on a balance. When the piece of metal is placed in a graduated cylinder that has 25ml of water in it, the water is displaced to 32ml. What is the density of the piece of metal

  6. Density of liquid A is 0.78g/ml • Density of liquid B is 1.45g/ml • Density of liquid C is 1.00g/ml • All are layered in a graduated cylinder. What is the order top to bottom?

  7. Place the following in order from most dense to least dense: gas; solid; liquid; plasma • What if the material is water?

  8. Which is more dense, Ice or water? • What does that mean about the atoms in the water molecule as opposed to the ice molecule?

  9. The hundreds scale on a triple beam balance reads 100. The tens scale reads 20 and the ones scale reads 5. The box on the scale is 5cm x 5cm x 5cm. What is the density?

  10. 100+20+5=125g • 5x5x5=125cm3 • Density =1gm/cm3

  11. D=M/V • 35/32-25= • 35/7=5g/ml

  12. The density of iron is 7.9g/cm3 • The density of silver is 10.5g/cm3 • Assuming the mass is the same, which would have the greatest volume?

  13. Solutions • Process by which the positive and negative ions of a crystalline solid separate in water is called A. Saturation B. Ionization C. Dissociation D. Solution

  14. How do you decrease the rate of a solid solute going into a liquid solution? • How do you INCREASE the rate of a solid solute dissolving in water?

  15. Which statement about water is true? • Water is a polar substance • Water is made of 2hydrogen and oxygen molecules • Water is made of 2 hydrogen and an oxygen atom • Water is an atom composed of many molecules

  16. Holding less solute than the solvent can hold at a given temperature • Holding more solute than a solvent can hold at a given temperature • Holding all the solute a substance can hold at a given temperature

  17. If you make a solution of 12g of salt in 24g of water what will the mass be of the resulting solution?

  18. Adding more solute to a solvent (increases or decreases) the freezing point of the solvent and (increases or decreases) the boiling point

  19. Water is a ___________ • Salt is a _____________ • A solution is what type of mixture?

  20. In order to increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid what would you do to the temperature and pressure?

  21. pH • In order to neutralize a base you would add ? • In order to neutralize an acid you would add ?

  22. A substance has a pH of 12 and tastes bitter • A substance has a pH of 7 • A substance has a pH of 2 and is sour • A substance that feels slippery • Alkaline • Water

  23. Substance that allows small amounts of acids or bases to be absorbed without harmful effects to the body is • A. Buffer B. Ester C. Enzymes D. Precipitate

  24. pH measures the __________ of hydronium ions H3O+present in solution • A. Strength b. Concentration • c. Neutralization d. Versatility • H3O+ • OH-

  25. Type of chemical reaction in which an acid mixed with a base forms a salt and water • A. Neutralization B. Decomposition • C. Dilute D. Concentrated

  26. A substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base like the litmus paper or bromthymol blue • A. Acid B. Buffer C. Indicator D. Glycerin

  27. Phase Changes • Substance that has a definite volume but no definite shape • Substance that has a definite volume and shape • Substance that spreads evenly throughout a container • Particles move quickest in which phase • Particles move slowest in which phase • A gas-like mixture with no definite volume or shape that is made up of positively and negatively charged particles

  28. Solid to liquid • Liquid to gas • Solid to gas • Liquid to solid • Gas to liquid

  29. Most matter (contracts, expands) when heated. • Most matter (contracts, expands) when cooled. • Which has the greatest kinetic energy a solid, liquid or gas?

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