1 / 23

War of 1812

War of 1812. A. Election of 1808. The Election. James Madison wins Two Terms 1809-1817. B. Mr. Madison as President. Macon’s Bill No. 2 (1810). Replaced Non-Intercourse Act that expired in 1810 Provisions: No trade with Britain or France unless they agreed to honor neutrality

tuvya
Download Presentation

War of 1812

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. War of 1812

  2. A. Election of 1808

  3. The Election • James Madison wins • Two Terms • 1809-1817

  4. B. Mr. Madison as President

  5. Macon’s Bill No. 2 (1810) • Replaced Non-Intercourse Act that expired in 1810 • Provisions: • No trade with Britain or France unless they agreed to honor neutrality • The 1st to agree, the U.S. would resume trade with • Madison angry • proved the U.S. could not survive without Britain & France

  6. Macon’s Bill No. 2 (1810) • Napoleon takes advantage of the new law & agrees to honor neutrality • Hopes to force a war between Britain & the U.S. • Trade resumes with France • Britain resumes attacking American ships

  7. Dealing with the Natives • Americans are expanding to the West • Indian Intercourse Act (1790): U.S. could only acquire land ceded by the Indians • Tecumseh & the Prophet were the leaders of a new Northwest Confederation of Indians in Ohio & Indiana • Began an active resistance movement with the assistance of the British British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh

  8. Battle of Tippecanoe (1811) • General William HenryHarrison is the governor ofthe Indiana Territory • Treaty of Ft. Wayne (1809):Indians signed away 3 million acres of land to the U.S. • Tecumseh & Shawnees begin a war against Harrison • 1811: Tecumseh goes to the South to recruit the Southern tribes • The Prophet fought against Harrison and was defeated and killed at Tippecanoe • This made Harrison a national hero & Tecumseh formed an alliance with the British

  9. War Hawks vs. Federalists • War Hawks – those who wanted to go to war with Britain from the D-R Party • Mainly from the West & South • Hoped to acquire more land for more expansion • End attacks coming from Native Americans • Two main War Hawks: Henry Clay (KY) John C. Calhoun (SC)

  10. War Hawks vs. Federalists • Federalists did not want to go to war • Trade with Britain benefitted them • Mainly New England merchants that were against the war • Main Federalist: Daniel Webster (NH)

  11. C. War is Declared

  12. War is Declared • President Madison asked Congress for a Declaration of War on June 1, 1812 • His Reasons: 1. British Impressment of American Soldiers & other violations of neutrality 2. Pressure from the War Hawks 3. British arming of Hostile Native Americans • Congress declared war 2 weeks later

  13. Advantages: Britain was fighting in Europe too Disadvantages: Army was ill-trained and ill-disciplined Navy had 12 ships compared to Britain’s 800 Had some really old generals No Draft = No men Financially Unprepared No tariffs = no income Regional Disagreements Fighting the British & the Native Americans American Advantages/Disadvantages

  14. Essex Junto • Extreme Federalists who believed that this was an unjust war and worked to support the British • Supplied food & money to Britain (mainly in Canada) fighting against the U.S. • New England refused to help war effort – governors would not allow militias to fight out of their states • Referred to the war as “Mr. Madison’s War”

  15. D. The War

  16. The War Itself • Lasted from 1812-1815

  17. Major Events of the War • Washington, D.C. is burned down • The Star Spangled Banner is written

  18. Meeting in Dec 1814-Jan 1815 26 delegates from MA, RI, CT, VT, NH (Federalists) Met to discuss their grievances & seek redress b/c of the war Wanted amendments added to the Constitution Limit presidents to 1 term Need 2/3 majority for embargos & war No successive presidents from the same state Some radicals brought up secession Demands made moot by the end of the war Was the death knell of the Federalists – seen as traitors The Hartford Convention

  19. E. End of the War

  20. Treaty of Ghent • Neither side was winning • U.S. had trouble fighting, British distracted by France • Met in Ghent, Belgium to discuss a peace treaty • Signed December 24, 1814 • Provisions: • The status quo was restored

  21. Battle of New Orleans • Communication was slow – no one knew the war was over • Largest battle took place after the treaty was signed

  22. Effects of the War • Nationalism • Finally identify themselves as “Americans” • Growing pride in the nation • Nation starts to become more important than the states • Economic Independence • Developed own industries • Not relying on Europe for finished products

More Related