The Kings, Tarquins and Early Republic

1. The Kings, Tarquins and Early Republic Name five Founding Fathers?

2. Romulus • Responsible for beginning Rome’s development • Established the 100 patres, founding the patrician class and senate • Made Capitoline Hill an asylum for fugitives w/o women • Rape of Sabine women happened under him, Roman men raided a Sabine festival and carried off the women, convince women to stay on their own before a war breaks out, two groups merge

3. Titus Tatius • Leader of the Sabines lived at same time as Romulus • Enlarged the city • Started several religious cults

4. Numa Pompilius • Founded religious temples and offices • Vestal Virgins • Pontifus maximus, chief priest of Rome • Possibly a Sabine leader as well

5. Tullus Hostilius • Established Rome’s Senate house the Curia Hostilia • Conquered Alba Longa a city founded by Aeneas’ son • Vicious warrior, word hostile traced back to how he treated people

6. Ancus Marcius • Enlarged Rome’s territorial control by capturing Etruscan land to the North • Captured port of Ostia

7. Tarquinius Priscus • Also know as Tarquin the Elder, came to Rome from Etruria, bringing Etruscan customs, culture and builders w/ them • Built earliest public works, temples on Capitoline hill, a public sewer, fought wars with neighboring cities • Arrogant made enemies of the royal clans

8. Servius Tullius • A slave in the Tarquin household, became king when a Tarquin was murdered • Remembered as mild and kind, instituted the census and the assembly • Built a wall around Rome still called the Servian wall

9. Lucius Tarquinius Superbus • Known as Tarquin the Proud, urged by wife to assassinate her father Servius, left his body in the street, let his wife drive her chariot over her dead father’s body • Last king of Rome, driven out by aristocrats for being cruel and arrogant and is son Sextus raping , Lucretia who had been doing the right things and even entertained him as a guest • Lucretia told her husband and then killed her self to right the matter, led to a rebellion against the Tarquins led by Brutus, who had acted liked an idiot to avoid being killed • Brutus became one of 1st consuls, killed his own sons for trying to returns the Tarquins to Power

10. The Republic • The Senate made up of 300 upper class men called patricians, common citizens called plebeians • Only patricians could hold office, led by 2 consuls, senate advised consuls who then ruled, consuls had veto power which means I forbid • Dictators could be appointed in an emergency, most famous Cincinnatus who was plowing his fields left to lead the army and returned to his mule in one day • Longest rule by a dictator was Sulla who ruled and took the power away from the Senate and Patricians for two yrs • Last Dictator was Julius Caesar