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V. Cisar Division of Concepts and Planning

Regional Training Course on State Systems of Accounting for and Control of Nuclear Material for States in the Middle East with Limited Nuclear Material and Activities Amman, Jordan, 17 to 21 January 2010. Session 5.8. Practical Exercises on the Establishment of the SSAC at the State Level

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V. Cisar Division of Concepts and Planning

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  1. Regional Training Course on State Systems of Accounting for and Control of Nuclear Material for States in the Middle East with Limited Nuclear Material and Activities Amman, Jordan, 17 to 21 January 2010 Session 5.8 Practical Exercises on the Establishment of the SSAC at the State Level Neptune (2000, 2010 & 2030) V. Cisar Division of Concepts and Planning

  2. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL COUNTRY - Neptune

  3. Country Historical Overview Neptune’s nuclear activities are as follows: • Neptune in 2000 ~ (modified SQP in force, LOFs, one uranium mine) • Neptune in 2010 ~ (decision taken and construction started regarding a research reactor, plans to build-up the first NPP) • Neptune in 2030 ~ ( fuel fabrication plants, several NPPs, LOFs and uranium mines, other nuclear related activities)

  4. Neptune in 2000 • The only nuclear and nuclear related activities within the country are: • Uranium mine and concentration plant at Barton (the entire production shipped to Specifica) • Depleted uranium used as a shielding in several hospitals and industrial companies • Natural uranium at National Museum in Lyons • Modified SQP in place • The Neptune Ministry of Technology and Science (NMTS) controls all aspects concerning the implementation of the safeguards agreement and is also responsible for providing additional protocol declarations.

  5. Neptune in 2010 • Neptune’s nuclear related activities are as follows: • one research reactor to be constructed in 2010 at Hastie’s Gulch; • decision taken about construction of the first power reactor (operational in 2018); • nuclear research activities at Hastie’s Gulch and the Neptune Technical University at Conder; • small quantities of NM (much exempted); • Mining and Milling Activities; • SA SSAC HQ dislocated in Lyons.

  6. Neptune in 2010 Research Programs at Hastie's Gulch: • Research and development into production of purified uranium dioxide at mining/milling sites • Research into immobilisation of spent fuel in ceramics A research project at the School of Mining at the Neptune Technical University (at Conder) • Aimed on the production of uranium hexafluoride directly from uranium ore at mining/milling sites (does not yet use nuclear material).

  7. Neptune in 2010 - Mining and Milling Activities • Operating mines • Pearce • Barton Uranium Mine • Lyneham • Uranium mines in the planning stage • Chifley Uranium Mine • Torrens Mine • Isaacs Valley • O'Connor • Uranium ore concentration plant and yellow cake storage at Barton

  8. Neptune in 2010 Nuclear Material Exempted from Safeguards • depleted uranium as a shielding in several hospitals and industrial companies; • exhibits at National Museum of Neptune Lyons.

  9. Neptune in 2030 • Neptune’s nuclear related activities are as follows: • Nuclear facilities • one Candu reactor at Cook, 2 Candu reactors at Holder; • 2 LW reactors at North Cooma; • one research reactor at Hastie’s Gulch; • one fuel fabrication plant at Bruce and one at McGregor; • one conversion plant at Bruce; • small bulk facility at New Bradford; • Nuclear research; • Small quantities of NM (much exempted). • SA SSAC HQ moved from Lyons to Holt

  10. Neptune in 2030 • Neptune’s nuclear related activities are as follows: • Uranium mining and milling: • two mines operating, two in development; • other mines producing other minerals that have non-trivial contents of uranium and thorium; • uranium ore concentration plant. • Graphite industry: • "amorphous graphite”; • high-purity graphite.

  11. Neptune in 2030 Research Programs at Hastie's Gulch • Research into the use of centrifuges to separate isotopes of molybdenum • Laser enrichment research • Research and development into production of purified uranium dioxide at mining/milling sites • Research into immobilisation of spent fuel in ceramics

  12. Neptune in 2030 Research at Universities • The School of Chemistry at the National University of Neptune (at Holt) has a project: • that looks as if it might lead to molecular laser isotope separation, • which does not use nuclear material. • The School of Mining at the Neptune Technical University (at Conder) has a project: • to produce uranium hexafluoride directly from uranium ore at mining/milling sites; • which does not yet use nuclear material.

  13. Neptune in 2030 - Mining and Milling Activities • Operating mines • Chifley Uranium Mine • Torrens Mine • Decommissioned uranium mines • Pearce • Barton Uranium Mine • Lyneham • Uranium mines in the planning stage • Radon Hill • Mount McCubbin • Uranium mines and mills in the pre-operational stage • Isaacs Valley • O'Connor • Uranium ore concentration plant and yellow cake storage at Barton

  14. Neptune in 2030 - Mining and Milling Activities • Other activities with the potential to yield source material • Monazite mining at Gordon • monazite contains thorium and uranium; • processed in Neptune (for rare earths); • NM remains in tailings dam. • Tantalite mining at Duffey • all exported; • receiving State has NM in tailings dam; • will process for uranium later.

  15. Neptune in 2030 Potentially Nuclear-related Exports • Graphite • "amorphous graphite” for sealing rings at Fadden; • graphite of high purity for electrodes from petroleum coke at Erindale.

  16. Neptune in 2030 Nuclear Material Exempted from Safeguards • depleted uranium as a shielding in several hospitals and industrial companies; • exhibits at National Museum of Neptune Lyons.

  17. Neptune in 2030 - State Regulatory Authority • For the country, the Neptune Ministry of Technology and Science (NMTS) controls all aspects concerning the implementation of the safeguards agreement and is also responsible for providing additional protocol declarations. • The NMTS has decided to strengthen the position of the SSAC SA to reflect the extending trend of nuclear fuel cycle as well as the dislocations of its different elements through the whole Neptune.

  18. Workshop Instructions • The worksheets of the workshop consist of several sets of specific questions and/or instructions related to the establishment and maintenance of the SSAC in Neptune. • WS ~ group/team work. • There are no right or wrong answers to the worksheet questions. • You will be asked to give answers that youthink are sensible, not what you think I or wewould say.

  19. Workshop Instructions • It is recommended that each group appoints • a chairperson, to keep the discussion under control, note the conclusions arrived at, and keep the group's work moving along, and • a spokesperson, or several spokespeople.

  20. Overview of the Tasks • Basic legal requirements • State level information system • Specification of requirements for nuclear materials accountancy and control • Requirements for Compliance with the Additional Protocol • Drafting a licence for the possession of nuclear material • Ensuring compliance with requirements • Preparing an inspection plan • State level resources

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