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HAVE OUT A FRESH SHEET OF PAPER AND BE READY TO TAKE NOTES

HAVE OUT A FRESH SHEET OF PAPER AND BE READY TO TAKE NOTES. Essay #1. EDUCATION. Reviewing your sources (part 1). How often does the author use “I____” and in what context? How would you characterize his/her writing styles? Personal? Scholarly? Authoritative?

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HAVE OUT A FRESH SHEET OF PAPER AND BE READY TO TAKE NOTES

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  1. HAVE OUT A FRESH SHEET OF PAPER AND BE READY TO TAKE NOTES

  2. Essay #1 EDUCATION

  3. Reviewing your sources (part 1) • How often does the author use “I____” and in what context? • How would you characterize his/her writing styles? Personal? Scholarly? Authoritative? • In general, is the audience expected to be less educated or more so? • What would you say is the author’s general purpose?

  4. COUNT • How many times does your author say • I believe • I think • I know • Why do you suppose that is??? • APPLYING THAT CONCEPT to your essay • Formal • Educated • Assumes an educated audience

  5. Ways to approach the intro • wait until rough draft is complete • begin with a tentative introduction and reevaluate in process

  6. Introducing your paper:What NOT to do… • Webster's Dictionary definitions • "From the beginning of time"  • I’m writing about/exploring • In this essay…

  7. Powerful introductions • appropriate to your subject matter • level of formality • genre or disciplinary conventions • typically lead up to and present a thesis. • pay special attention to your first sentence, your lead - ENGAGING

  8. Length As a general rule, an introductory paragraph should cover at least 1/3 of the first page in a 2-4 page paper.

  9. A brief general history or factual background of your topic EX: Our mother remarried in Columbus, Ohio, 1980, two years after our father died of cancer.  What persuaded her to marry this surly truck driver so soon after our father's death, I'll never know.  Thank God I was soon to leave home for nurses' training, but I worried about my little sister Denise who would grow up with this man.  My worst fears became reality five years later. . .  + thesis

  10. An anecdote EX: The day my little sister Denise brought home a beautiful golden-speckled lizard she beamed with pleasure and excitement.  What fun this curious little tom-boy was going to have catching flies and mosquitoes to feed her new pet.  Then he came home and changed her mood to shame and embarrassment.  What kind of girl liked to play with lizards?  Would she never become a "lady"?  She was a sloppy, slouchy, lazy insolent thing. . .+ thesis

  11. Contrast two opposing aspects of a topic--end with the aspect to be discussed. This is usually good to dispel a popular view EX: A demeaning stepparent can have two quite opposite effects on the luckless children that become their unfortunate victims.  On the one hand, years of criticism, verbal and sometimes physical abuse can prepare a person for life's inevitable defeats in later endeavors, hardening one so that these setbacks seem minor in comparison to the earlier traumas.  On the other hand, some children grow into timid and fearful adults after years of this cruel treatment and never experience the full and happy lives that result from a better nurtured psyche.

  12. A question or questions to be answered in the body of the paper. However, it’s usually frowned upon to use a question as your thesis, even if you plan to answer it in the essay. EX: How would you feel if for seven long years of your most helpless childhood, a significant adult grumbled and growled at your every remark, ridiculed you in front of your friends and frequently screamed that you were a devilishly bad little fiend?  What sounds like a nightmare to most people was the wide-awake daily existence for my little sister Denise. . . + thesis

  13. A quotation – possibly from the text under study, or possibly a related idea.  Be sure to explain how prefatory quotes relate to your topic EX: "The effects of stepparents are only beginning to be studied and reported in psycho-sexual journals," writes Dr. Ruth, herself a victim of four stepfathers and five stepmothers.  In the June issue of Psychology Today, she explains how her unusual childhood led to her obsessive ambition to be a radio sex authority.

  14. A surprising statement of fact or statistics EX: Today 50% of all marriages will end in divorce.  Over 30% of American children are living in single parent households.  What will be the effects of these statistics on the individuals involved?. . .+ thesis

  15. A statement of the view you will oppose Ex: An important group of psychologists have argued that divorce is good for children.  They maintain that growing up around two adults who are bickering and arguing all day is more harmful to the developing child than suffering through the trauma of loss and separation.  However, these psychologists fail to consider what usually happens after divorce--remarriage.  Based on the experience of my little sister Denise, I believe that divorce is bad for children because when their parents remarry, they typically end up with stepparents--people who will never have the same regard for them that their natural parents do.

  16. A justification or explanation of your personal position on the topic Ex: Someone needs to speak out for all the unhappy stepchildren of this world.  From Cinderella on down, stories abound of how they are trampled on, bullied, whipped and hated by their step-parents.  More alarmingly, non-fiction statistics prove that stepchildren are more apt to become social misfits as a result of their early traumas.  Remarriage should be avoided were children are involved.  I have seen the results of these unfortunate hybrid households firsthand in the case of my little sister Denise. . . + thesis

  17. Jump into middle of narrative scene with description and details of action   EX: EX: "What kind of girl likes to play with lizards?  Why don't you act like a lady?"  he screamed at my little sister Denise.  She had put up with this continual criticism for seven years, and hadn’t lost her resistance to it yet.  "I hate you!" she yelled back as she ran into her room to escape.  Yet there was no real escape for her. . . + thesis

  18. Conclusions APPROPRIATE to: • your topic • level of formality • genre and disciplinary conventions SHOULD: • Be polished and emphatic • leave the reader with a striking impression of what you've written • take advantage of this last chance to affect the reader

  19. Ideas for conclusions • Restatement or summary • Do not use with short papers (2-5 pages) • best with papers over 5 pages long or for very formal situations • Allude back to material in the introduction--frame the essay • Offer a solution/call to action • Give the result of the topic of your paper or show its significance • Punchy single sentence, statistics, facts • A thought provoking question about your topic • Quotation • SO WHAT?????

  20. DO NOT • Use any of the following phrases: • “in conclusion” • “the end” • “Thank you for reading my essay” • “I have shown/done/written”

  21. Requirements for the essay • 750-1000 words • Scholarly, academic language • Intended for an educated audience • Well-organized • Uses a minimum of 3 of the sources covered in class • Embeds quotes effectively • Correctly uses MLA formatting, both in-text and on a separate works cited page

  22. Repeating Myself: REQUIRED • Your essay should begin with an introduction • It should move clearly through your sequence of ideas. You most important points should be at the beginning and the end, with the least important points in the middle. • You should use the quotes/details from the authors we read in class to support your points AND you should use examples/anecdotes from your own experience to support your points as well. • Every quote that you use from the authors should have sentences both before and after it that tie it to YOUR argument. • Your essay should end with a conclusion that feels like an ending. It should sum up everything you have said, and leave the reader something new to consider.

  23. Little things matter • DO NOT refer to any of the authors’ by their first names. Use first and last the first time, then use last name only from then on. • Watch pronoun use – make sure each he/she/it/they/which/etc. is appropriate to its antecedent • LIMITED use of first person is acceptable

  24. Prompt We have spent the past 3 weeks exploring what others say is the purpose of education. Now it’s time for you to get involved in the conversation. Write an essay which addresses one or both of the following questions sets: • What is the purpose or goal of education? • To what extent does our education system meet this goal? How can it be improved?

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