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Classifying Matter

Matter -Everything that has physical existence. Therefore, anything that has mass and takes up space. . Classifying Matter. How do we classify matter?. Classify these as Element, Compound, Heterogeneous Mixture or Homogeneous Mixture.

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Classifying Matter

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  1. Matter-Everything that has physical existence. Therefore, anything that has mass and takes up space. Classifying Matter

  2. How do we classify matter?

  3. Classify these as Element, Compound, Heterogeneous Mixture or Homogeneous Mixture.

  4. Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive. • Extensive Properties - depend on the amount of matter in a sample. • The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains. • The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.

  5. Intensive property • An intensive property is a property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter. • The hardness of a bowling ball is an example of an intensive property. • Examples: density, color, and boiling point (can be used to identify substances)

  6. Physical Properties • A physical property is a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition. • Hardness, color, conductivity, and malleability are examples of physical properties.

  7. Chemical Properties • Chemical properties describe the way a substance can change or react to form other substances. These properties, then, must be determined using a process that changes the identity of the substance of interest.

  8. Physical Change • A physical change occurs when the substance changes state but does not change its chemical composition. • The form or appearance has changed, but the properties of that substance are the same Examples: • Melting point • Boiling point • Vapor pressure • Color • State of matter • Density • Electrical conductivity • Solubility • Adsorption to a surface • Hardness

  9. Physical changes can be classified as reversible or irreversible. • All physical changes that involve a change from one state to another are reversible. • Cutting hair, filing nails, and cracking an egg are examples of irreversible physical changes

  10. Chemical Change • A chemical change occurs when a substance changes into something new. • This occurs due to heating, chemical reaction, etc. You can tell a chemical change has occurred if the density, melting point or freezing point of the original substance changes. • Many common signs of a chemical change can be seen (bubbles forming, mass changed, etc).

  11. Four possible clues that a chemical change has taken place • a transfer of energy • a change in color • the production of a gas • the formation of a precipitate.

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