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France & Austria Respond to German Unification. I. Why did Fr & Austria need to change after German Unification?. Both were France needed to address Austria needed to address. II. France & Formation of the Third Republic.
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I. Why did Fr & Austria need to change after German Unification? • Both were • France needed to address • Austria needed to address
II. France & Formation of the Third Republic (Remember: Nap was elected president of the 2ndRepublic in 1848…and the 2ndRepublic ended in 1852 when he became Emperor of the Second FrenchEmpire) What were the two reigns of Napoleon III? • Authoritarian Empire (1851-1860) a) b) c)
Was initially supported by the middle class, army, and the Catholic Church. Why? 1) 2) 3) e) Nap’s popularity confirmed by victory in which war?
Liberal Empire (1860-1870) a) Why the turn toward liberal policies? 1) b) Failures in foreign policy: * Piedmont * Mexico ( long story) * Prussia & Austria * Domestic Woes c) Tried to placate liberals by
3. Formation of the 3rd Rep a) Empire ends w/ b) National Assembly c) Adolphe Thiers
4. Treaty of Frankfurt (1871) (revanchism = revenge) Treaty considered “harsh” among the French and fostered general animosity toward Germany • Alsace/Lorraine • Recognized c) d)
Dreyfus Affair • Theodor Herzl g) Proved to be h) Represented the schism b/t
NO note-taking • Revanchism • Franco-Prussian War • Germany pummels Paris for 4 months leaving Parisians with less & less food. Paris surrendered • German army led a victory parade down the Champs Elysees (revenge for Napoleon’s march through Berlin) • Then, in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, Germans proclaim new Riche and Wilhelm I is crowned first Emperor of Germany • BUT…The French will get their revenge when Germany is forced to the humiliating Treaty of Versailles AT Versailles IN the Hall of Mirrors at the end of WWI.
III. Austria Response to Ger Unification • In an age of nation-states, liberal institutions and industrialism, the Habsburg domains were: a) b) c) • Francis Joseph was out-of-touch a) b) c) d)
HOW the Dual Monarchy was formed in A-H a) October Diploma (1860) * * b) February Patent (1861) * * * rejected by Hungary b/c (Still, this would be the gov that would prevail in Austria until WWI)
Ausgleich of 1867 • Finally gave in to • Francis Joseph crowned • Except for a common monarch, Austria and Hungary became separate states: • Each had • Reps from both states • A most unique
