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Chapter 6 Section 2 Notes

Chapter 6 Section 2 Notes. CHAPTER. 6. HOME. Ancient Rome and Early Christianity , 500 B.C. – A.D. 500. Time Line. In the Second Punic War, Hannibal invades Italy. Diocletian, who will divide the Roman Empire, becomes emperor. 509 B.C. 218 B.C. A.D. 284.

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Chapter 6 Section 2 Notes

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  1. Chapter 6 Section 2 Notes

  2. CHAPTER 6 HOME Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 500 B.C. – A.D. 500 Time Line In the Second Punic War, Hannibal invades Italy. Diocletian, who will divide the Roman Empire, becomes emperor. 509 B.C. 218 B.C. A.D.284 Rome becomes a republic. 500 B.C. A.D. 500 264 B.C. 44 B.C. A.D.476 The First Punic War with Carthage begins. Conspirators kill Julius Caesar. Western Roman Empire falls with the ouster of the last emperor, Romulus Augustulus.

  3. I. Expansion Creates Problems in the Republic

  4. A. The gap between rich and poor increased class tensions developed

  5. B. Rich land owners lived on huge estates called latifundia

  6. C. Many of these lands belonged to farmers and soldiers that were forcedto sale their lands

  7. D. Grain prices were down

  8. E. Slaves were all over Rome

  9. F. No Jobs

  10. II. The Republic Collapses

  11. A. Two plebeian brothers try to reason with the Rich

  12. 1. Tiberius and GaiusGracchus

  13. 2. As Tribunes they tryto make reforms

  14. 3. Tiberius is assassinated in 133 B.C. and Gaius in 121 B.C.

  15. 4. Civil War erupts

  16. 5. Power struggles within the army try to put down the rebellions

  17. B. Julius Caesar takes control

  18. 1. The First Triumvirate

  19. A. 60 B.C. Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey

  20. 1. Caesar was away fighting wars in Gaul(France)

  21. 2. Caesar soon gained support of the entire army

  22. B. In 49 B.C. Crassus and Pompey order him back to Rome without his armies, He refuses

  23. C. In 46 B.C. he becomes dictator and soon afterwards dictator forlife

  24. 2. Caesar has moderatereforms

  25. a. Gave land to poor in Gaul

  26. b. Created jobs with government projects

  27. 1. Aqueducts

  28. 2. Roads

  29. 3. Buildings Colosseum Pantheon Roman Theatre

  30. 3. Assassinated on March15, 44 B.C. by his longtime friend Marcus Brutus in the senate chamber

  31. C. Beginnings of the Empire

  32. 1. Second Triumvirate Caesar’s grandnephew Octavian and his friend Mark Antony take control of Rome along with Lepidus

  33. Augustus Mark Antony

  34. 2. Eventually Lepidus is removed and Octavian and Mark Antony go to war.

  35. 3. Cleopatra from Egypt convinces Antony to attack Octavian at the Battle of Actium in 31 B.C.

  36. a. Octavian wins

  37. 4. Octavian crowns himself Augustus and keep the title imperator (supreme militarycommander) where the word emperor comes from

  38. III. A Vast Powerful Empire

  39. A. Years starting with Augustus rule from 27B.C. to 180 A.D. become known as the PaxRomana (Roman Peace)

  40. B. Agriculture was the most important industry of the empire

  41. C. Trade flourished

  42. D. Silver coins called a demarius was the coin of the empire

  43. E. Roads interlinked the empire and connected to the Silk Road

  44. F. Many men from foreign lands entered the army

  45. G. Augustus was Rome’s best ruler

  46. 1. Set up civil service or government jobs

  47. 2. He dies in 14 A.D.

  48. H. Governmental Flaw

  49. 1. No legal succession to the throne

  50. I. Bad Rulers

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