An Era of Protest and Change

1. An Era of Protest and Change Chapter 170

2. The Counterculture Chapter 17 section 1

4. The Rise of the Youth Movement • Made up mostly of white middle-class college students • Disillusioned with the Vietnam War and injustices during the 1960s • Turned their backs on traditional American society

5. The Counterculture • “Tune in, Turn on, Drop out” • Members of counterculture called hippies • Did not like materialism, technology, and war of American society

6. The Counterculture • What did many youth attempt to create? • An idyllic setting for peace, love, and harmony.

7. Hippie Culture • Marked by rock-n-roll music, outrageous clothing, sexual freedom, and illegal drugs • Who promoted LSD? • Harvard Professor Timothy Leary

8. Hippie Culture • Also rejected conventional home life and joined communes • Where was the so called Hippie capitol? • Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco

9. Decline in the Movement • After only a few years, the counterculture’s peace and harmony gave way to violence and disillusionment • List examples • Manson Family Murders • Altamont Raceway Concert

10. A Changing Culture • Although short lived, some aspects of the counterculture left a more lasting imprint on the world. • Art • The 1960s saw a rise in pop art (popular art) • Identify Andy Warhol • Led to the rise of Pop-Art which shunned traditional painting and sculpture

11. Rock Music • Beatles- the band that helped propel rock music into mainstream • One example of rock’s popularity occurred august 1969 in a farm in upstate New York Woodstock

12. Changing Attitudes • “Do your own thing” faded from the counterculture movement • The prime example was sexual revolution

13. The Conservative Response • In the late 1960s many people believed the country was losing its sense of right and wrong

14. Conservatives Attack Counterculture • What were some of the arguments of conservatives? • Increase in divorces, drug uses- overall decay or morals in US society • The angry response of mainstream Americans caused a profound change in the political landscape in US • Conservative movement took hold

15. Women Fight for Equality • Betty Friedman wrote a book, The Feminine Mystique, that talked about how many women were not satisfied with their place in society

16. New Women’s Movement Arises • Feminism- the belief that women should have economic, political and social equality with men

17. Women in the Workplace • Jobs available to women- mostly clerical, domestic service, retail sales, social work, teaching, and nursing paid poorly • Were not paid the same of promoted as frequent

18. Women and Activism • Ironically where were women discriminated in the 60s? • The Civil Rights and Anti-War Movement • These experiences led women to organize themselves

19. The Women’s Movement Emerges • The Feminine Mystique became abest seller and helped to galvanize women across the country- by the late 1960s women were working together for change

20. The Movement Experiences Gains and Losses • The Creation of NOW • Betty Friedman created the National organization for women in 1966 to pursue women’s goals • Identify some of these goals • Equal opportunity at work and education • Creation of more childcare facilities

21. A Diverse Movement • 175,000 women joined NOW in the first 3 years • New York Radical Women demonstrated at the Miss America Pageant • Dressed up a sheep and declared it Miss America • Gloria Steinem founded a liberal group that encourage women to seek political office

22. Legal and Social Change • Excluding girls from male sports was questioned • Gender discrimination in education was banned

23. Roe V. Wade • NOW supported a woman’s choice to have an abortion • The Supreme court agreed and made abortion legal in 1973

24. Equal Rights Amendment • Congress passed the Equal Rights Amendment in 1972 • What did this amendment propose? • Men and women would have complete equality under the Constitution. • Who was Phyllis Schlafly? • Conservative woman who successfully led the campaign to block the movement

25. New Rights Emerge • In order to combat the ERA, pro-abortion supporters, conservatives built what the called a new “pro-family” movement • They were able to block the ERA from passing

26. The Movement’s Legacy • Despite the ERA’s defeat the women’s movement • Altered society in countless ways • Such as transforming women’s conventional roles and their attitudes towards career and family • The movement also succeeded in expanding opportunities for women

27. Latinos and Native Americans Seek Equality • The Latino Presence grows • During the 1960s the Latino Population in the U.S. grew from 3 to 9 million

28. Latinos Varied in Origin • Mexicans-largest group (southwest and California) • Puerto Ricans- began migrating in 1898 (east coast cities; New York) • Cubans- New York City, New Jersey, Miami (fled communist rule) • Encountered racisms, most lived in segregated barrios or neighborhoods

29. Latinos Fight For Change • As their presence grew so did their demand for greater representation and better treatment

30. The Farm Worker Movement • Key organizer was Caesar Chavez • Believed in non-violence • Used boycott of grapes to get their union accepted • United Farm Workers Organizing Committee

31. Cultural pride • “Brown Power” movements were started all over the country • Demanded bilingual Education • Money for heritage programs

32. Political Power • During the 1960s 8 Hispanic Americans served in the House • What was La Raza Unida? • Latino political organization whose goal was to help Latino Americans get elected

33. Environmentalists Speak Out • 1960s-1970s scientists learned more about toxic waste • Toxic waste- poisonous byproduct of human activity • Concerns over- coal, smog, pesticide abuse, and polluted rivers

34. Environmentalists Speak Out • Rachael Carson writes Silent Spring • Describes the deadly affect of pesticides that they were having on birds and animals • She insisted human activity drastically altered the environment

35. Her work caused Congress to bad DDT • DDT was a pesticide • 1968 Cuyahoga River catches fire in Cleveland Ohio

36. Inaugurating Earth Day • Nationwide protest called for Earth Day • Cuyahoga River fire made it seem like predictions were coming true • April 22, 1970 First Earth Day, 20 million people took part • There were concerns if government should take over private property

37. A President Turns Environmentalist • 1970 Nixon asks Congress to create Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Mission to protect the entire ecological chain • Sought to eliminate pollutants

38. A President Turns Environmentalist • Nixon signs Clean Air Act (1970) to combat pollutants • Clean Water Act (1973) limit pollution by agriculture and industry • Endangered Species Act (1973) promote the protection of endangered species and animals