The Renaissance and Reformation(1300–1650)

1. The Renaissance and Reformation(1300–1650) Unit 3 Section 1 Essential Standards: Explain how interest in classical learning and religious reform contributed to increased global interaction. Explain the political, social and economic reasons for the rise of powerful centralized nation-states and empires. I can: understand how an increase in the quest for knowledge lead to global interactions and how these intellectual and religious movements lead to reforms. How political, economic, and social discontent can lead to change.

2. Why Did the Renaissance Begin in Italy? • Grown into prosperous centers of trade & manufacturing. • Wealthy merchant class Lorenzo de Medici “the Magnificent” Generous patron, financial supporter. What Was the Renaissance? (Rebirth) • Emphasized individual achievement. • The Renaissance ideal was the person with talent in many fields.

3. Humanism • Intellectual movement • study of classical culture & focused on worldly subjects PAINTERS WRITERS • Self-help • Niccolo Machiavelli The Prince“Is it better to be feared or loved?” • “Machiavellian” deceit in politics. (whatever means necessary to achieve their goals.) • Perspective made distant objects smaller than those close to the front. • Studied human anatomy

4. Leonardo da Vinici Three Geniuses of Renaissance Art Michelangelo • sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, & poet • Sculpted the Pieta& statue of David • Painted Sistine Chapel in Rome • Dissected corpses • Mona Lisa and The Last Supper • flying machines and undersea boats Raphael • Best known for paintings of the Madonna,

6. Renaissance Moves North Essential Standards: Explain how interest in classical learning and religious reform contributed to increased global interaction. Explain the political, social and economic reasons for the rise of powerful centralized nation-states and empires. I can: understand how an increase in the quest for knowledge lead to global interactions and how these intellectual and religious movements lead to reforms. How political, economic, and social discontent can lead to change.

7. Artists of the Northern Renaissance Albrecht Durer • Specialized in engravings He is called the “German Leonardo.” • The Northern Renaissance began in Flanders Peter Paul Reubens (Flemish) • blended the realistic traditions w/ the classical themes Northern Humanists • stressed education & classical learning. • religious & moral reforms.

8. Two humanists: • Desiderius Erasmus, Dutch priest, the bible to be translated from Latin into the vernacular, or language of ordinary people. • Thomas More wrote of a utopian society (ideal society) The Printing Revolution • printing revolution : • In 1456, Johann Gutenberg printed the Bible using the first printing press • IMPACT: • books: cheaper & easier to produce. • access to a broad range of knowledge and ideas.

9. Writers of the Northern Renaissance

10. CERVANTES: RABELAIS SHAKESPEARE: • English poet who was the towering figure of Renaissance lit. Wrote 37 plays that are still performed around the world. • Spanish author who wrote Don Quixote, which mocks romantic notions about medieval chivalry. • French humanist who was a monk, physician, Greek scholar, and author.