1 / 33

The Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation. Causes of the Reformation. 100 Years War and Black Death Scientific Advances which contradicted the Church The Corruption within the Catholic Church. What was the Protestant Reformation?. Prior to the Reformation all Christians were Roman Catholic

carrie
Download Presentation

The Protestant Reformation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Protestant Reformation

  2. Causes of the Reformation • 100 Years War and Black Death • Scientific Advances which contradicted the Church • The Corruption within the Catholic Church

  3. What was the Protestant Reformation? • Prior to the Reformation all Christians were Roman Catholic • The [REFORM]ation was an attempt to REFORM the Catholic Church • People like Martin Luther wanted to get rid of the corruption and restore the people’s faith in the church

  4. What was the Protestant Reformation? • In the end the reformers, like Luther, established their own religions • The Reformation caused a split in Christianitywith the formation of these new Protestant religions

  5. What was the Protestant Reformation? CHRISTIANITY PROTESTANT CATHOLIC

  6. The Reformers • Martin Luther • John Calvin • Henry VIII

  7. Martin Luther • Lived from 1483-1546 in Germany • Father encouraged him to study law • A sudden religious experience inspired him to become a monk

  8. Martin Luther • He became troubled over the possibility of not going to heaven • He turned to the Bible, and confession for comfort • In the Bible he found the answer he was looking for

  9. ROMANS 1:17 “The righteous shall by his faith.” Luther realized that only faith (in the ultimate goodness of Jesus), not good deeds, could save a person. No good works, rituals, etc. would save a person if they did not believe.

  10. Luther's 95 Theses • A list of things he thought were wrong with the Catholic Church (95 Complaints) • He criticized: • The Power of the Pope • The Extreme Wealth of the Church • Indulgences (Catholic concept of Salvation)

  11. Luther's 95 Theses • Gutenberg’s Printing Press made it possible for Luther to spread his beliefs • Posted his 95 Theses on Church doors in Germany • Gained support from people and criticism from Church

  12. The first thing printed on Gutenberg’s press was the Bible. • This is a picture of a page from one of Gutenberg’s Bibles.

  13. Luther on Trial • The Edict of Worms • 1520 Pope Leo X order Luther to give up his beliefs • Luther burned the order and was excommunicated • Luther went into hiding where he translated the New Testament into German – spreading his beliefs even further

  14. Pope Leo X (Medici) • He was the Pope during the height of the corruption

  15. Luther prepares to burn Pope's orders

  16. Acceptance of Reforms • Some Local German Churches accepted Luther’s ideas • Lutheranism was formed • Supported by German Princes who issued a formal “protest” against the Church for suppressing the reforms • The reformers came to be known as [PROTEST]ants - Protestants

  17. John Calvin “May little chickens dig out your eyes 100,000 times.” - Calvin speaking to another reformer whose ideas he disagreed with

  18. John Calvin • Anti-Catholic • Influenced by Martin Luther • Disagreed with Luther’s “Salvation through faith alone.” • Created his own Protestant religion in Switzerland

  19. Predestination • Calvin believed in: • Salvation through Predestination • At birth it is decided if you will go to heaven or hell

  20. Calvin believed in: • Foreknowledge • God knows everything that will happen in your life • Purified approach to life: • No drinking, swearing, card playing, gambling etc..

  21. CALVINISM • Started in Switzerland – Calvinists • England = Puritans • Scotland = Presbyterians • Holland = Dutch Reform • France = Huguenots • Germany = Reform Church

  22. Christianity Protestant Catholic Lutheran Calvinism Presbyterian Puritan Hugeunots

  23. Henry VIII and the Reformation in England

  24. Henry wanted a divorce, but Pope Clement VII wouldn’t invalidate the marriage • Henry tried to get Church to do what he wanted, and appointed Sir Thomas More as English Cardinal

  25. More wouldn’t support the divorce • Henry proceeded to dissolve his ties to the Pope • ENGLISH REFORMATION – Henry VIII took control of the English clergy and had himself appointed the head of the Church of England • He divorced Catherine and married his lover Anne Boleyn

  26. Brainstorm before you begin: The Protestant Reformation is sweeping across Central Europe, England, and even Scandinavia! You have been hired by the Pope to develop ideas that the Church can implement in order to stop believers from converting to these heretical faiths. What are your top 3 ideas? Hurry, you must act quickly, or Protestantism may overrun Europe!

  27. The Counter Reformation 1530s-1648 The Catholic Church’s Response to the Protestant Reformation

  28. The Counter Reformation The Church had two tactics: • Reform the Church from Within Council of Trent • Stop the Spread of Protestantism Water Torture during the Inquisition

  29. Reform Within the Church • The Council of Trent (1545-1563) • Purpose: The Church held three meetings to discuss reform AND define dogma (official teachings) • Some areas were actually reformed • education of priests • Improved discipline among the clergy • Indulgences got banned • But many teachings were not changed, and were instead reinforced; the ideas of the Protestants were rejected • Faith AND good works = salvation • 7 sacraments, not just 2 • Bible is written in Latin, not the vernacular language • Pope is supreme leader • Man has free will (your fate is NOT predestined)

  30. Stopping the Spread of Protestantism The Church took measures to reassert its authority in the following ways: • 1. The Society of Jesus: The Jesuits • A religious group founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1540 • Promoted education • Famous for missionary work • Strived to gain political influence • a bit fanatical in their devotion…

  31. Stopping the Spread of Protestantism 2. Index (List) of Banned Books • Created in 1559 by the Pope • Purpose was to prevent heresy (make sure you know what this word means) and ensure books were morally correct • Banned both Protestant literature and texts by some intellectuals, like Erasmus

  32. Stopping the Spread of Protestantism 3. The Inquisition • Why? • General purpose was to discover heretics (mostly Jews and Muslims, but also Protestants), reinforce Catholic doctrine, and prove the power of the Church • When? • 1400s-1800s • Where? • Mostly Spain and Italy • Different variations took place across Europe, but it was most notorious in Spain • How? • The accused were put on trial and were guilty until proven innocent… • Torture was used to elicit confessions

  33. Was the Counter-Reformation a success? The Church did not win back many of the “lost souls” that had converted to Protestantism… But, it shed its reputation for corruption and it spread widely through missionary work

More Related