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The Cold War (1943-1991)

The Cold War (1943-1991). Origins of the Conflict. Ideological confrontation (communism and capitalism, democracy and dictatorship) Allied support for White armies in Russian Civil War (1919-1921) The Allied invasion of Italy (1943) The Iron Curtain and Soviet post-WWII buffer states

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The Cold War (1943-1991)

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  1. The Cold War (1943-1991)

  2. Origins of the Conflict • Ideological confrontation (communism and capitalism, democracy and dictatorship) • Allied support for White armies in Russian Civil War (1919-1921) • The Allied invasion of Italy (1943) • The Iron Curtain and Soviet post-WWII buffer states • Hiroshima and Soviet fear of the atom bomb

  3. Characteristics of the Cold War • United States and the Soviet Union lead global alliances (The Superpowers) • Global proxy wars • Propaganda (USIA, VOA, Radio Moscow, Cominform) • Military alliances of 1949 (NATO and the Warsaw Pact) • Espionage (CIA and KGB) • The arms race and the Balance of Terror

  4. American Global Leadership against Communism • British and French overextended Containment policy (1947) and the Domino Theory • The Marshall (1948) and Dodge Plans (23 billion to finance economic recovery) • The NATO alliance (1949)

  5. Containment Theory in Practice • American intervention in Korea (1950-1953) • The conflict in Vietnam (1959-1973)

  6. Some Major Events of the Cold War • The Berlin Airlift and the cancellation of free elections in Czechoslovakia (1948) • The fall of China to the Communists (1949) • The Soviet atom bomb detonation (1949) • Sputnik (1957) and Gagarin’s orbit (1961)

  7. Soviet military invasions • Imre Nagy and Hungarian democracy (1956) • Czechoslavakia and the Prague Spring (1968) • Afghanistan and the Islamic resistance (1979) • Polish Solidarity Movement crushed (1980) • The Bay of Pigs (1961) and the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)

  8. The Fall of the USSR and the End of the Cold War (1991) • Mikhail Gorbachev in power (1985) • Perestroika and Glasnost • The revolutions of Eastern Europe and German reunification (1989-1990) • The Fall of the Soviet Union (1991) • Economic stagnation • Rising expectations • Guns vs. butter • Ethnic nationalism • The failed August coup attempt and the rise of Boris Yeltsin • The Velvet Revolution (1993)

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