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Council of Chalcedon

Council of Chalcedon. Council of Chalcedon. 451 (another important date!) Concludes debate started at Nicea (325) Definitive teaching about Christ Catholic, Protestant, and Orthodox christologies today work with the formula of Chalcedon

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Council of Chalcedon

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  1. Council of Chalcedon

  2. Council of Chalcedon • 451 (another important date!) • Concludes debate started at Nicea (325) • Definitive teaching about Christ • Catholic, Protestant, and Orthodox christologies today work with the formula of Chalcedon • Yet, there’s still a lot of room for thinking about Christ • Negative, not positive, formula allows this • “rule for Christological language” (p. 30): doesn’t totally explain who Jesus is, but sets language for talking about Christ

  3. Pope Leo I • Rise of papal authority • first few centuries: bishop of Rome is “first among equals” • Honor for apostle Peter, head of the apostles • 5 prominent patriarchs • 5th century: Pope steps in to help resolve disputes • But council actually resolves it; pope just helps • East and West split 1054 • In West, only patriarch is bishop of Rome • East does not accept his authority over other patriarchs • High point of papal authority: 1070s to 1300s • Pope is head spiritual authority AND all political authorities must submit to him

  4. Chalcedon, 451 • Strikes a middle ground • Condemns Nestorius (divides two natures) • Condemns Eutyches (confuses two natures into one) • Not every word is equally important! • Formula of Chalcedon • Jesus Christ is one person, two natures • Natures cannot be confused or separated

  5. So what? What does this mean? • Contemporary images of Jesus • Churches • Art • Film, TV, music • What might Chalcedon mean for these? • divide human and divine natures in Christ? • confuse human and divine natures in Christ? • Unspoken rule: cannot overemphasize one nature to the exclusion of the other

  6. For next time • Read background on Augustine in Chidester • Teaching Christianity, book 1 • How does he define “use” and “enjoyment”? • How are human problems related to mixing up these two forms of love? • How should Christians love other people (read carefully!)?

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