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More Than Fast, Reliable Fire Detection: Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) Enables Fire Prevention and Fire Monitoring Speaker: Greg McElyea Americas Business Manager. Outline. Introduction to fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology

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  1. More Than Fast, Reliable Fire Detection: Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) Enables Fire Prevention and Fire Monitoring Speaker: Greg McElyea Americas Business Manager

  2. Outline... • Introduction to fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology • Technology comparison from point detectors to fiber-optic linear heat detection • Optimizing fire prevention in special hazardous facilities using DTS technology • Assessing fire monitoring in disastrous scenarios, providing vital information until the fire is extinguished AP Sensing Confidential

  3. AP Sensing – Linear Heat Series Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) Fiber-optic Sensor Cable for Temperature Sensing Linear Heat Series DTS Instrument AP Sensing Confidential

  4. 2 std. MM telecom fibers Typical DTS System Setup Stainless steel tube Stainless steel wires Metal Sensor Cable FRNC Outer Sheath FRNC Outer Sheath Metal-free Sensor Cable Polyamide Fibers • PC = Personal Computer with DTS Configurator • FP = Fire Panel or SCADA System • UPS = Uninterruptable Power Supply or Battery Package • DTS = Distributed Temperature Sensing instrument 2 std. MM telecom fibers AP Sensing Confidential

  5. DTS Measurement Technology Alarm Alarm Alarm • Zone concept enables different sections with different alarm criteria (sensitivity) • Up to 256 zones per sensor cable - configurable… • 3 different alarm types, 5 different criteria per zone - programmable… 70 70 70 60 60 60 50 50 50 40 40 40 > 15 ° C Temperature [°C] 30 30 30 avg. Temp > 13 ° C 20 20 20 40s 10 10 10 0 0 0 Time [s] 120 122 124 126 128 130 132 134 136 138 140 142 120 122 124 126 128 130 132 134 136 138 140 142 Distance [m] Distance [m] 0 Exeeding a maximum temperature Exeeding the average temperature Exeeding a temperature increase > 60 ° C by > 15 ° C within a certiain time > 13 ° C / 40s r AP Sensing Confidential

  6. DTS Measurement Principle Measurement of temperature through the evaluation of the backscattered laser light components, stokes and anti-stokes DTS Instrument Raman Stokes 70°C Laser Detector -40°C Detector Raman Anti-Stokes Temperature-dependent lattice vibration Mirrors and Filters Pulse Generator Location = 2 * tR * vL Control, Acquisition & Analysis Circuitry AP Sensing Confidential

  7. DTS - System Characteristics • Huge local coverage of up to 2x 8km length or 96,000m² area without blind spots • Fast measurement time of 10s and short spatial resolution of 1m • Quick and reliable alarming, virtuallyfalse-alarm free through 3 different, freely programmable alarm criteria and confirmation cycles in up to 256 zones • Exact localization and size of any thermal event along the sensor cable • Simple, lightweight, flexible, robust standard sensor cable, easy to install • Passive sensor cable, usable indoor and outdoor, absolutely immune to humidity, dirt, dust, smoke, corrosion, electromagnetic fields or radiation • The sensor has extremely long lifetime and is virtually maintenance-free • Low laser power of only 17mW, class 1M laser is inherently eye-safe • Fire certifications from VdS (A1 / A2 ~ 30 ft NFPA spacing), FM under way • Certified for explosive environments ATEX zone 0, gas and dust AP Sensing Confidential

  8. Typical Applications • Power Plants • Parking Garages • Storage Facilities • Road- & Rail Tunnels • Supply Tunnels • Conveyor Belts • Cable Trays • False ceilings / floors / voids • Production Halls • Warehouses • Cold Stores • Floating Roof Tanks • Transformator / Generators • etc. • DTS is especially well suited for Fire Prevention, Fire Detection and Fire Monitoring • over long distances or large areas AP Sensing Confidential

  9. Outline... • Introduction to fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology • Technology comparison from point detectors to fiber-optic linear heat detection • Optimizing fire prevention in special hazardous facilities using DTS technology • Assessing fire monitoring in disastrous scenarios, providing vital information until the fire is extinguished AP Sensing Confidential

  10. Classification of “Linear Heat Detection” Systems Fire Detectors Point Detectors Linear detectors Smoke Heat Heat Smoke Smoke assp. Systems Opacimeter Pressure & Resistance Maximum & Differential Optical Detectors D T S - Systems Ionisation Detectors Flame Detection Multi-Point Systems LHD-Systems AP Sensing Confidential

  11. System Comparison * Fire Monitoring Capabilities: System is capable to withstand temperatures up to 1000°C to provide crucial information about the development of the fire. AP Sensing Confidential

  12. Outline... • Introduction to fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology • Technology comparison from point detectors to fiber-optic linear heat detection • Optimizing fire prevention in special hazardous facilities using DTS technology • Assessing fire monitoring in disastrous scenarios, providing vital information until the fire is extinguished AP Sensing Confidential

  13. Fire Prevention A fiber-optic linear temperature sensor can help to detect a potential fire in its early development phase • Real time, continuous temperature monitoring of potential fire sources • Complete local coverage of long structures (like tunnels) or large areas (like big buildings) without “blind spots” • Pin-point alarm with exact temperature and location information enables quick intervention before the outbreak of a potential fire AP Sensing Confidential

  14. Fire Prevention – Coal Conveyor Belts Example 1: Coal Conveyor Belts in Power Plants • Real time, continuous temperature monitoring of potentially hot running rollers and smoldering fires • Complete local coverage of long conveyor belts or a chain of multiple conveyor belts without “blind spots” • Early alarming with exact location information enables an early exchange of hot rollers or the extinction of smouldering fires caused e.g. by self-ignition of lignite dust • Alarm temperature has to be set relative to different day and night environmental temperatures • No way to detect fires with DTS on a fast moving belt (10…20ft/sec) ! AP Sensing Confidential

  15. Fire Prevention – Cable Trays and Power Cables Example 2: Cable Trays, Cable Tunnels, Power Cables... • Real time, continuous temperature monitoring of cable trays, cable tunnels and power cables heating up under high current load • Complete local coverage of long cable trays or cable tunnels without “blind spots” • Early alarming with exact location information enabling the decrease of electrical current, the exchange of bad joint and splices, etc. • Local coverage can be increased by meandering the sensor cable • The temperature difference and the temperature delay between conductor and outside of the cable has to be considered 1m – 1,5m AP Sensing Confidential

  16. Fire Prevention – Pipe and Tube Leakage Example 3: Leakage of Inflammable Liquids or Gases from Pipes and Tubes • Real time, continuous temperature monitoring of potentially leaking tubes and pipes, e.g. hydraulic oil • Complete local coverage of long pipes and tubes without “blind spots” • Early alarming with exact location information enables an early sealing of the leak and removal of a potential fire load In case of a gas pipe leakage a cold spot occurs (Joule Thomson effect). Leakages in a liquid pipe are typically recognized by a hot spot. AP Sensing Confidential

  17. 3D Visualization with AP Sensing’s Asset viewer AP Sensing Confidential

  18. Outline... • Introduction to fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology • Technology comparison from point detectors to fiber-optic linear heat detection • Optimizing fire prevention in special hazardous facilities using DTS technology • Assessing fire monitoring in disastrous scenarios, providing vital information until the fire is extinguished AP Sensing Confidential

  19. Tunnel Fire Tests in Sweden, Norway, Switzerland AP Sensing Confidential

  20. Fire Monitoring - What does DTS Provide? T Radiation Heat Point of Fire • DTS provides: • Precise localization of the fire (2-4m) • Dynamic fire/smoke size assessment • Dynamic fire/smoke spreading assessment Convection Heat Smoke A A DTS Real Time Data X T Tunnel Wind Low wind speed B B High wind speed Smoke Spreading X DTS Real Time Data DTS reliably detects and localizes radiation and convection heat even under unfavorable conditions like wind AP Sensing Confidential

  21. Fire Monitoring - Hidden Diesel Fire (HRR = 7.4MW) AP Sensing Confidential

  22. Fire Monitoring - Hidden Diesel Fire (HRR = 7.4MW) OK to enter area “HotFoam” suppression Fire Monitoring 6 minutes Alarm after 50 seconds AP Sensing Confidential

  23. Fire Monitoring – Functional Integrity of the Sensor Cable During the Fire Is Key! • Functional integrity tested and approved by IEC- standards • Temperature 750°C • Duration 2 hours • Result passed • The functional integrity over an extended period of time allows fire monitoring • and provides crucial information about fire / smoke development. AP Sensing Confidential

  24. DTS - System Advantages • Huge local coverage without blind spots • Exact localization and size of an event • Quick and reliable alarming, safe against false-alarms • Low maintenance cost, simple installation, long lifetime • Passive sensor cable, insensitive to harsh environments, immune to interference • No laser safety problems AP Sensing Confidential

  25. Reference Examples AP Sensing Confidential

  26. References from the Mine to the Grid … Mining Storage Power Plant Power Transmission • Mining: Underground conveyer belt monitoring in ATEX Zone 0 (M1) / CH4 conditions • Storage: smoldering fire detection and hot spot localization • Power Plant: conveyer belts; storage facilities • Power Transmission: Power Cable Monitoring & Fire Detection (buried, ducts, overhead lines) AP Sensing Confidential

  27. Germany: RAG – Conveyor Beltin Coal Mine • 5 Conveyers in coal mine with up to 8km of sensing cable on one conveyor • Zone 0 operation for instrument and sensor cable – Certification from Dekra/Exam • Approval from German Government to run system even under CH4 alarm and fiber break conditions for the time until sensor cable is repaired. • Further conveyers to be installed in the coming years AP Sensing Confidential

  28. Spain: La Medusa – Dockside Coal Storage • Coal storage monitoring for smoldering fires • Capacity of 100.000 tons of coal • Fire on November 14th 2007, extinguishing took 4 days • 3 sensor cable rings are embedded in the wall • Dual ended configuration AP Sensing Confidential

  29. Italy: ENEL – Brindisi – Coal Conveyor Belts in Power Plant • Smoldering fire detection underneathfully covered coal conveyor beltsin coal power plant • Total of 12.5km of sensor cable • Fully integrated into SCADA system • 2 controllers with 4 channels each • Loop configuration to continue monitoring even in case of cable break. AP Sensing Confidential

  30. Thank you for your attention!Greg McElyea Americas Business ManagerOffice: 214-550-0677Cell: 214-471-3460Email: greg.mcelyea@apsensing.com AP Sensing Confidential 30

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