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Fungi and Plantae. Diff. Biology April 14, 2005. A little fun for the day…. Mushroom walks into a bar and asks for a drink. Bartender says, “Sorry, we don’t serve your kind.” Mushrooms replies, “What’s the matter I’m Fungi!?” (This is when you laugh). Fungi.
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Fungi and Plantae Diff. Biology April 14, 2005
A little fun for the day… Mushroom walks into a bar and asks for a drink. Bartender says, “Sorry, we don’t serve your kind.” Mushrooms replies, “What’s the matter I’m Fungi!?” (This is when you laugh)
Fungi • Cell wall contains chitin, not cellulose. Made up of filaments called Hyphae. • Eukaryotic, multicellular. • Non-motile, produce spores asexually or sexually that are dispersed by the wind. • Most are parasitic in relationship to other organisms.
4 Divisions of Fungi Zygomycota: * Live in the soil and on baked goods. * Sexual reproduction produces a zygospore, cell protected by a thick wall.
4 Divisions of Fungi Ascomycota: * Sac Fungi * Parasitic to plants * An ascus is a fingerlike sac that is formed during sexual reproduction, hence the name. They produce ascospores. * Conidiospores are created asexually.
4 Divisions of Fungi Basidiomycota: * Club Fungi * Usually reproduce sexually * Basidium are the club like structures, that contain the nuclei that fuse to create a zygote. (Pg. 594)
4 Divisions of Fungi Deuteromycota: * Imperfect Fungi; because no sexual stage has been identified. * Always reproduce asexually by means of conidiospores * Can cause diseases in humans. - athlete’s foot, ringworm, and thrush. * Can be good too, such as Penicillium for the antibiotic, penicillin.
How you Lichen this so far? • Lichen – symbiotic relationship to cyanobacteria and green algal cells. They live in extreme areas. • Mycorrhizae – symbiotic relationship between soil fungi and most plant roots. The fungus provide the plants with inorganic materials (i.e. phosphate), and the roots provide organic nutrients for the fungus.
Kingdom Plantae • Eukaryotic, Multicellular • Contain cellulose in their cell walls and form a cell plate when division occurs. • Utilize chlorophylls a and b, along with carotenoid pigments. • Primary food reserve is starch, which is stored in the chloroplasts.
Kingdom Plantae • Well developed tissues • Respond to stimuli • Light • Gravity • Water • Autotrophic • Alternation of Generation life style.
4 Groups of Plants • Nonvascular Plants • Lack vascular tissues (i.e. liverworts, hornworts, and mosses) • Do not have true leaves, roots, or stems. Rhizoids anchor them to the surface. • Small and low-lying plants. • Fertilization requires an outside source of moisture, wind disperses the spores.
4 Groups of Plants • Seedless Vascular Plants • Vascular tissues of Xylem (for water and minerals) and Phloem (organic nutrients). • Have true roots, stems, and leaves. • Structure in leaf called stomata that regulates water loss. • Found in moist, wet regions. • Horsetails and Ferns are examples
4 Groups of Plants • Seed Plants – Gymnosperms • Four divisions: Cycads, ginko, conifers, and gnetophytes • Most gymnosperms are conifers, that have needle-like leaves. • Conifers are evergreen trees, meaning they lose their leaves year round, instead of for a period of the year. So they have leaves all year long. • Study Pine life cycle. (pg. 609)
4 Groups of Plants • Seed Plants – Angiosperms • Flowering plants, seeds are covered by fruit. • The largest group of plants. • Have two divisions, monocots and dicots. • Can cross-pollinate or self-pollinate. • Flowers help with reproduction. • Study flowing plant life cycle (pg. 613).
