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Changes in a Young Nation

Changes in a Young Nation. Did changes in the young nation open the door t opportunity for all Americans? Political Changes. Political changes in an emerging democracy. From 1790-1830—expansion of democracy in U.S.

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Changes in a Young Nation

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  1. Changes in a Young Nation Did changes in the young nation open the door t opportunity for all Americans? Political Changes

  2. Political changes in an emerging democracy • From 1790-1830—expansion of democracy in U.S. • Andrew Jackson represented this change—poor southerner  prosperous planter  judge, Senator, military hero  POTUS

  3. Democracy for common man—but not woman • Jackson became POTUS in 1828 • Owed victory to expansion of suffrage (voting rights) • States changed voting laws—no longer needed to own property • Not all Americans given right to vote • Women, Native Americans, and slaves could not vote • Few freed blacks could vote • Other democratic changes • Move from voice-vote to secret paper ballots • National conventions • Political parties involved people in campaigns

  4. 1828 Campaign Poster

  5. Jackson loses, then wins • 1st ran for POTUS in 1824 • 4 candidates—all Democratic Republicans • Jackson wins popular vote, but not enough electoral votes • H. of R. decided  chose John Quincy Adams • Jackson ran again in 1828 • Knew there would be lots of new voters “common people” • Formed new political party Democrat • Represent ordinary farmers & workers instead of wealthy & privileged • Decentralized gov’t & states’ rights

  6. Jackson loses, then wins • Jackson’s opponent, John Q. Adams, also started new party • National Republican Party • Represented business, shipping & banking interests • Favored strong central gov’t • Southerners feared high taxes & interference with slavery • Both parties tried to avoid sectional issues • Mudslinging • Jackson wins  rewards his supporters with gov’t jobs  spoils system • “To the victor belong the spoils…” • Defended rotation in office as reform…gov’t jobs open to all, not just wealthy elite

  7. John Quincy Adams

  8. Nullification • Key issue in nation: balance between Fed. & State power • 1st came up in 1798 w/ Alien & Sedition Acts—Jefferson & Madison believed laws unconstitutional • States should nullify laws that violate Constitution (Nullification) • This idea important later on in battler over states’ rights • S.C. tried to nullify 2 fed. Tariffs (tariff a tax on imports/exports) • Leaders in SC threatened to secede from Union if laws enforced • Jackson stood his ground—prepared to use force to keep SC • New lower tariff passed in Congress

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