Status of the Proposed PIXE Project

1. Status of the Proposed PIXE Project John Arthur SLAC Photon Instrumentation for X-ray Experiments

2. What is the PIXE project • How will PIXE be organized

3. Formulation of the Scientific Case for an X-Ray FEL A long history of scientific workshops dating back to 1992 1999 Leone Panel: Develop a compelling and rigorous scientific case October, 1999: Formation of LCLS Scientific Advisory Committee March, 2000: DOE Charge to LCLS SAC: Describe ~5 experiments for LCLS startup, including feasibility estimates and optics/detector technology October 24-25, 2000: Presentation of 5 experiments to BESAC

4. t= t=0 Aluminum plasma classical plasma G =1 G =10 dense plasma G =100 high density matter 1 - 4 - 2 2 4 10 10 10 10 Density (g/cm-3) Femtochemistry Dan Imre BNL Nanoscale Dynamics inBrian Stephenson Condensed MatterANL Atomic Physics Phil Bucksbaum Univ. of Michigan Plasma and Warm DenseRichard Lee Matter LLNL Structural Studies on Single Janos Hajdu Particles and Biomolecules Uppsala Univ. Stöhr and Shenoy create First Experiments document SLAC REPORT 611 (2000) X-ray Laser PhysicsJerry Hastings BNL

5. Process for Defining LCLS Instruments • 2003 Call for Letters of Intent to build instruments and do science with LCLS • 2004 32 LOI’s received • July 2004 SAC examines LOI’s, groups them into 5 Science Thrust Areas • Fall 2004 SLAC and DOE BESAC discuss how to build instrumentation for Thrust Areas

6. LCLS Science Thrust Areas • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical (AMO) science • High-energy-density (HED) science • Diffraction studies of stimulated dynamics • Coherent-scattering studies of nanoscale fluctuations • Nano-particle and single-molecule (non-periodic) imaging

7. BES approach to the Thrust Areas • AMO science will be included in LCLS construction project • HED science deemed to be outside the mission of BES

8. Proposed PIXE Scope • Build instruments for hard x-rays that address the 3 remaining Thrust Areas within BES mission • Include one additional instrument, to address the soft-x-ray portions of stimulated dynamics and coherent imaging Thrust Areas

9. PIXE Instruments • Ultrafast x-ray studies of laser-induced transient states of matter • Nano-particle and single-biomolecule (non-periodic) imaging • Nanoscale equilibrium dynamics in condensed matter • Soft x-ray imaging and dynamics

10. PIXE Detector Development • LCLS experiments need new detector technology • Dual development strategy for fast 2-d detectors • Several technologies look promising, no clear leader • LCLS will pursue one strategy • PIXE will try a different technology • Both prototypes should be ready by 2009

11. PIXE Phased Approach • First LCLS light may come in mid-2008 • Budget will not support building 4 instruments by 2008 • Phased approach • 2 instruments in phase 1 • sufficient functionality by mid-2008 to begin experiments • phase 1 instruments can support early work in all four areas • complete phase 1 while phase 2 is ramping up • remaining instruments in phase 2 • begin phase 2 after 2008 • complete all work in 2012

12. A PIXE instrument costs $12-15M Controls (including laser timing)+Computers Slits Flight path Valves/windows/pumps KB focusing system (1 µm and sub-µm options) X-ray pulse split+delay with table Crystal monochromator with table Diffractometer with table Optical table for laser Laser PPS Laser system (10 mJ Ti:sapphire plus OPA) Laser diagnostics X-ray diagnostics 2d detector Typical PIXE “instrument” + PEOPLE

13. DOE BES project requirements • Not a line-item in the DOE budget • Can include construction funding and R&D funding • Must build distinct instruments, separate from what LCLS builds • Assume all new rules for BES project management apply PIXE will be a major item of equipment (MIE) project

14. Keith Hodgson SSRL Director PIXE organization LCLS Science Teams Jerry Hastings SSRL Asst. Dir for LCLS Science John Arthur PIXE Project Director TBD PIXE Project Chief Engineer Budget ES&H PMCS Database Purchasing Administration Inst #1 Instrument Scientist Engineering & Development 4-5 Engineers 2-3 Designers Inst #2 Instrument Scientist Inst #3 Instrument Scientist Inst #4 Instrument Scientist

15. Role of the LCLS Science Teams Teams are responsible for preparing physics requirements for PIXE instruments Teams have designated leaders Quarterly meetings at SLAC with leaders Start weekly teleconferences soon Yearly general meeting (Oct) Web site is up

16. PIXE WBS Draft, to level 3 4 instruments OPC

17. PIXE WBS Instrument partial, to level 5 Major project function (design, fab) Instrument subsection (lasers, detectors) Major component (monochromator)

18. Proposed PIXE funding profile $millions Possibility of some funding in 2006 Total = $50M-$60M

19. Summary • The funding profile constraints on the PIXE project, along with the LCLS schedule, indicate that a phased approach is needed • Two instruments in Phase1, two in Phase2, along with a detector development program • Funding for this project is lean, especially in the first years • Strong support from the Science Teams will be needed