Era of Change pages 64-85

1. Era of Changepages 64-85 Jacksonian Democracy Manifest Destiny The Reform Movement

2. Page 63 Vocabulary • 1. Self-made – making your fortune, not being born with it • 2. Civil Servants – government employee • 3. Spoils system – rewarding supporters with government jobs • 4. Tariff – tax on imported goods • 5. Secede – to formally withdraw from an alliance • 6. What is mudslinging? hurling reckless accusations in the attempt to win an elections • 7. What was Andrew Jackson’s nickname and why? • Old hickory, because he was as tough as the toughest wood • 8. Who had the right to vote after 1820?all white men • 9. Who did Jackson promise to return the government to?The people History Alive Questions

3. Page 63 • 10. Where did Jackson practice law? • Nashville, Tennessee • 11. Who did Jackson claim made a corrupt bargain? • Adams and Clay • 12. What was Jackson’s Cabinet called and why? • The kitchen cabinet because they met in the kitchen • 13. Who called on southern states to declare tariff’s null and void? • John C. Calhoun • 14. What did Jackson use to attack the bank of the United States? • His veto stick • 15. Describe the Indian Removal Act. • Movement of native Americans west of the Mississippi River Continues

4. Page 64 Path – evaluate these two images

5. Page 65 Era of change 1. Jacksonian Democracy 2. Manifest Destiny 3. The reform movement Era of Change Coverpage Draw 2 pictures for each section

6. Page 66 Complete the Chart based on each’ persons opinions of the Election of 1824

7. Page 67 • There were four candidates running for Democratic-Republican Party • Andrew Jackson • John Q. Adams • Henry Clay • Crawford • Andrew Jackson won the popular vote but, no one person received a majority of the electoral votes. The House of Representatives had to choose the winner. The House of Representatives picks John Q. Adams because Clay decided to support him. • After the election, JQ Adams made Clay Secretary of State and Jackson was angry. He thought they had made a “corrupt bargain”. Jackson will spend the next four years making sure that he the “common man” beats Adams the “privileged man”. This will split the D-R for ever. • Jackson will win in 1828 with a new party – The Democrats. Election of 1824 Copy notes

8. Page 68 Divide the page in half. At the top, draw a picture of the good things about Jacksonian Democracy. At the bottom, draw a picture of the bad things about Jacksonian Democracy

9. Page 69 • Jacksonian Democracy • Andrew Jackson was hero from the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812. He came from humble beginnings and was a self-made man. Most people in the U.S. at this time thought he fit the “America Dream.” • Jackson promised in his campaign to reform the government. When he took office, he replaced many people in office with his own supporters. • The spoil system – giving government jobs to people that supported your campaign • Good – new people with new ideas in government • Bad – inexperienced people trying to run the government • Andrew Jackson was founder of the democratic party • Government by the people instead of government for the people • Limited national government with a strong president • All white men could vote ( no property restrictions) Copy notes

10. Page 70 Path at the top and Create a poster of Andrew Jackson. Is he a villain or a hero? Why?

11. Page 71 • Many Native Americans had been pushed off their land as settlers moved west, but many still remained east of the Mississippi River. Settlers wanting the land, white people not wanting to live close to uncivilized people and gold being discovered on the Cherokee land all led to the government having to come up with a policy to deal with the NA. • Andrew Jackson as president decided the NA had two choices. • Completely adapt to white culture, become U.S. citizens and give up all their NA ways • Move west of the Mississippi River to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) • Congress passes and Jackson enforces THE INDIAN REMOVAL ACT requiring all NA to relocate west of the Mississippi River. • Good – NA can maintain their way of life without interference from the settlers • Bad – NA were losing their land due to discrimination. • The Supreme Court of the United States said that Jackson was not allowed to take the land of NA without their consent. Jackson said “The court has made their decision, no let them enforce it.” Since the Supreme court has no power to enforce laws, Jackson went forward with removing the NA. • Trail of Tears – The removal of the Cherokee(NA) by force to the Indian Territory. Many died. Indian removal Act/ Trail of Tears. Copy notes

12. Page 72 Complete the Chart based on each’ persons opinions of the Tariff of Abomination

13. Page 73 • Tariff is a tax added to foreign goods to force people to buy American factory made products. Taxes are used to support government. At this time, the money was used to improve transportation. Most of the money was spent in the North. Southerners felt that they were paying money and getting no benefit from the government in return. Southerners hated the tax and called it an abomination. • South Carolina says that states have the right to nullify (refuse to enforce) a national law if it does not benefit them. The Vice President, John C Calhoun, is from South Carolina and supports nullification. South Carolina threatens to secede (withdraw) from the union (United States) if the tariff is enforced. • Henry Clay (the compromise man) proposes a bill that is accepted into law that will gradually lower the tariff over the next 10 years. This puts a temporary stop to the issue of states rights and nullification. Tariff of Abomination Copy Notes

14. Page 74 Find 5 things that are moving west. Explain why they are moving west.

15. Page 75 • Why do people leave their native country for a new country? • Population growth/overcrowding • Farming – no land left in their country or failure of crops in their country • Industrial Revolution/ jobs • Religion or political problems • Why come to the U.S.? • Freedom • Economic opportunities • Lots of land available in the west • Immigrants as well as other Americas were moving into the cities for work, which caused some problems: • Overcrowding • Slums/ low level housing • Sanitation problems • Crime • Prejudice – many Americans hated immigrants for taking all the jobs and crowding the cities. Immigration Copy notes

16. Page 76 • What was Thomas Jefferson curious about? About the west • Jefferson wanted what two men to command an expedition into the west? Lewis and Clark • When the training of the men to go on the expedition start, what would happened if a man fell asleep on guard duty? He was whipped • What area did Lewis and Clark explore? From the Mississippi to the Pacific looking for the Northwest Passage • Where did the US get this area of land? France • What made Lewis and Clark such a great team? Opposites, so they complimented each other. • What were Lewis and Clark to write the copies of their notes on? Birch tree, less absorbent • Why were they to write their copies on this material? It wouldn’t get ruined, if it got wet • What mountains did they have to cross? Rockies • Who was York? Clark’s slave • What woman helped Lewis and Clark? Sacajawea Lewis and Clark Questions from Chapter 11 of the History of US

17. Page 77 • Manifest means clear or obvious • Destiny means sure to happen • Manifest Destiny means expansion to the west is not just good but bound to happen ( the God given right to expand liberty from the Atlantic to the Pacific) • Why do people move west? • Make money • Get more fur • Gold rush • Jobs or escape debt • Businesses to provide for the settlers • Land speculators – bought large areas of land to later break into small sections to sell for profit • New Live/ New Land • Spread Religion • Missions • Mormons Manifest Destiny Copy notes

18. Page 78 Use the map key on page 79 to color the map.

19. Page 79 Map Key

20. Page 80 Example • Teachers against Sagging Pants Create a picket sign for one of the reform movements Crack Kills

21. Page 81 • Temperance – stop the drinking of alcohol, mostly supported by women, asked people to sign a pledge to give up alcohol • Labor (work) – improvements in labor conditions. Laborers went on strike to get better pay and better work conditions • Education – Better schools and more public schools. Horace Mann was the leader and said “Education is the great equalizer.” • Needy – Dorothea Dix worked on behalf of the mentally ill and many people wanted to improve prisons. • Second Great Awakening – a renewal in religious faith in the early 1800’s • Abolition – movement to end slavery everywhere. • Women’s rights – movement to make women have equal rights including the right to vote. Reform Movements Copy notes

22. Page 82 Complete the Chart based on each’ persons opinions of slavery

23. Page 83 Abolition Copy notes

24. Page 84 Create a sign as if you were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott standing outside of the Seneca Falls Convention trying to convince people to attend the convention. Label each woman.

25. Page 85 • In the early 1800’s women had few legal rights. They could no vote, sit on juries, hold public office and most cases could no own property. Married women had less rights than single women. • Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott came back from London with a new cause WOMEN’S RIGHTS. They hold a convention: • Seneca Falls Convention for women’s rights – 1848 • Women and men attended • Created the Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions based on the DOI that listed the complaints and resolutions to the problems • “We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men and women are created equal.” • Suffrage (right to vote) was the main issue • Sojourner Truth – spoke on behalf of women because she was as strong as a man and should have the same rights as a man. • Susan B. Anthony – made women’s rights a national organization and would fight for suffrage until the 1900’s Women’s Rights Copy notes

26. Multi Media Podcasts Video • Stuff I missed in History Class. • How Lewis and Clark Worked • How the Louisiana Purchase Worked • How the Underground Railroad Worked • How Feminism Works

27. Suggested Reading Lamar Junior High Library Fort Bend County Library Waking giant : America in the age of Jackson / David S. Reynolds. Elizabeth Cady Stanton : an American life / Lori D. Ginzberg. Abolitionists and slave resistance : breaking the chains of slavery / Judith Edwards ; foreword by Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr.. • Andrew Jackson's America : 1824-1850.  • Only the names remain; the Cherokees and the Trail of Tears, by Alex W. Bealer. Illustrated by William Sauts Bock.  • Journey toward freedom : the story of Sojourner Truth / Jacqueline Bernard ; introduction by Nell Irvin Painter.