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German and italian unification

German and italian unification. By: Rocky Hroch Period 6 1/18/12. Prompt. 2008- Analyze the similarities and differences in the methods used by Cavour and Bismarck to bring about the unification of Italy and of Germany, respectively. Camillo Benso , Count of Cavour. 1810-1861. Italy.

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German and italian unification

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  1. German and italian unification By: Rocky Hroch Period 6 1/18/12

  2. Prompt 2008- Analyze the similarities and differences in the methods used by Cavour and Bismarck to bring about the unification of Italy and of Germany, respectively.

  3. CamilloBenso, Count of Cavour 1810-1861

  4. Italy • Italy had never been united before 1850. • There were three approaches to unification. 1. Giuseppe Mazzini’s centralized Democratic Republic based on universal male suffrage. 2. Vincenzo Gioberti’s federation of existing states under the presidency of a progressive pope. 3. A program of those who looked for leadership from the autocratic Kingdom of Sardinia.

  5. Italy (Continued) • In the 1850’s, Cavour worked to consolidate Sardinia as a liberal constitutional state capable of leading northern Italy. • Used highways and railroads to gain support throughout northern Italy. • Cavour worked for a secret diplomatic alliance with Napoleon III against Austria. • In July 1858, Cavour got Austria to attack Sardinia in 1859. • After a victory, Napoleon III abandoned Cavour and made peace with the Austrians at Villafranca in July 1859. • Middle-class Nationalist leaders in central Italy called for fusion with Sardina. • Cavour achieved his original goal of a northern Italian state but wasn’t done.

  6. Italy (Continued) • Cavour secretly supported Garibaldi’s plan to liberate the kingdom of the Two Sicilies. • Garibaldi and his men outwitted the royal army and took them North. • Cavour sent men down to meet them because he knew an attack on Rome would bring about war with France. • The people of the South finally voted to join Sardinia. • Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel rode through Naples to seal the union of North and South.

  7. Otto Von Bismarck 1815-1898

  8. Germany • Bismarck took office as chief minister in 1862. • Bismarck reorganized the army. • From 1862 to 1866 the voters of Prussia expressed opposition by sending large liberal majorities to parliament. • Prussia and Austria defeated Denmark in a short war. • Bismarck wanted to force Austria out of Prussia through war. • The Austro-Prussian war of 1866 lasted 7 weeks. • Prussia won the war by winning a decisive victory at the Battle of Sadowa in Bohemia. • Germany was still divided after the war.

  9. Germany (Continued) • After the victory against Austria, Bismarck created a federal constitution for the new North German Confederation. • Delegates to the upper house were appointed by the different states, but members of the lower house were elected by universal, single class, male suffrage. • The final act in German unification was the Franco-Prussian war from 1870 to 1871. • As soon as the war began, the south German states gave the north their full support. • In January 1871, Paris surrendered and the south German states decided to join a new German empire. • Germany was finally unified.

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