7.1 Foreign Affairs Trouble the Nation

1. 7.1 Foreign Affairs Trouble the Nation MAIN IDEA Events in Europe shapely divide American public opinion in the late 18th century.

2. WHY IT MATTER NOW Washington’s policies at home and abroad set an example for later presidents.

3. Standards • 8.1.3 Analyze how the American Revolution affected other nations, especially France. • 8.3.4Understand how the conflicts between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton resulted in the emergence of two political parties (e.g., view of foreign policy, Alien and Sedition Acts, economic policy, National Bank, funding and assumption of the revolutionary debt). • 8.4.1Decribe the country’s physical landscapes, political divisions, and territorial expansion during the terms of the first four presidents. • 8.4.2 Explain the policy significance of famous speeches (e.g., Washington’s Farewell Address, Jefferson’s 1801 Inaugural Address, and John Q. Adams’s Fourth of July 1821 Address). • 8.5.3 Outline the major treaties with American Indian nations during the administrations of the first four presidents and the varying outcome of those treaties.

4. Essential Questions • Why did many of the nation’s leaders dislike political parties? • What are the main differences between the Federalists and Republicans? • How did domestic and foreign affairs shape the country’s policies?

5. Quick Write • In about 60 words respond to this question: “If there was a country that was “kidnapping” soldiers and sailors and forcing them to fight in their armed forces, what should be the USA’s response?”

6. Political Parties • Copy down the chart that is on page 165 of your textbook. • It explains the difference between the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.

7. Fights in the Northwest • Native Americans do not accept Treaty of Paris; demand direct talks. • In 1790 Miami tribe chief, Little Turtle, defeats U.S. army.

8. Battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794 • Miami Confederacy defeated. • Signed Treaty of Greenville. -Received less value for land.

9. French Revolution • Federalists pro-British; Democratic-Republicans pro-French. • Washington declares neutrality; will not support either side. • Edmond Genet, French Diplomat, violates diplomatic protocol.

10. Treaty with Spain • Thomas Pinckney, Treaty of San Lorenzo, 1795. -Spain gives up claims to western U.S. -Florida-U.S. boundary set at 31 parallel. -Mississippi River open to U.S. Traffic.

11. Jay’s Treaty • John Jay’s treaty with Britain angers many Americans. • British leave Northwest posts, but continue fur trade. • French says it violates alliance. -seizes U.S. ships.

12. First Party-Based Elections, 1796 • John Adams -Federalist. • Thomas Jefferson -Demo. Republican. • Adams elected president. • Sectionalism–Placing regional interests above nation.

13. Study Guide • Copy and Complete the study guide on pg. 72, “Troubles at Home and Abroad.” • Use the summary before the study guide, notes, and textbook pages 168-171.

14. Primary Source and Questions • Students will read a primary source, George Washington’s Farewell Address and answer questions about the reading. • It is on page 623. • You have 20 minutes.

15. WHAT/WHY IMPORTANT/AS A RESULT • Define three words using the WHAT/WHY IMPORTANT/AS A RESULT format. • The three words are: • Faction • Neutral • Impressment

16. 7.3 Presidency of John Adams • Standards • 8.1.3Analyze how the American Revolution affected other nations, especially France. • 8.3.4Understand how the conflicts between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton resulted in the emergence of two political parties (e.g., view of foreign policy, Alien and Sedition Acts, economic policy, National Bank, funding and assumption of the revolutionary debt). • 8.4.1Decribe the country’s physical landscapes, political divisions, and territorial expansion during the terms of the first four presidents. • 8.4.2Explain the policy significance of famous speeches (e.g., Washington’s Farewell Address, Jefferson’s 1801 Inaugural Address, and John Q. Adams’s Fourth of July 1821 Address).

17. Essential Questions • How did Adams settle differences with France? • What did the Alien and Seditions Acts do? • What were the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions?

18. Quick Write Part I • In 30 words: We just learned about your freedom of speech under the First Amendment of the Constitution. You also have the right to criticize the government. Write a couple sentences criticizing the government on any issue. • You have 3 minutes.

19. Quick Write Part II • In 30 words: Now imagine that you have been arrested for this criticism and now being threatened with deportation to the country where your family was from. Explain why you believe being arrested is wrong and tell me how you feel. • You have 3 min.

20. Troubles with France • France is angered by the U.S. neutrality. • Jay’s Treaty with Britain only makes it worse. • French snubbed U.S. diplomat • Continues to attack U.S. ships.

21. XYZ Affair • French officials demand a bribe ($250,000)to see foreign minister. -Wanted to borrow millions. • Federalists want war. • Congress creates navy dept.; Washington called to lead army.

22. Con’t • Undeclared naval war rages for two years. -Treaty signed, French will stop seizing U.S. ships. -Adams power weakens.

23. Discuss and Answer • How did Adams settle our differences with France? • Take a minute and discuss the following questions with your elbow partner. -How did America’s neutrality about the war between France and Britain anger France? -How did France react? -How did the USA react?

24. Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798 • Federalists fear French plot to overthrow U.S. gov. -Suspicious of immigrants. -Active Demo. Republicans. -Critical of Adams.

25. Alien Act • Residence req. for citizenship. -from 5yrs. To 14yrs. -Allowed deportation or jail.

26. Sedition Act • Jail terms for insulting or lying about gov. • Some Demo-Rep. editors, publishers, politicians jailed.

27. Discuss and Answer • What did the Alien and Seditions Acts do? • Take a minute and discuss the following questions with your elbow partner. -Why did the Federalists believe they had to pass these laws? -Why are they targeting immigrants? -Why are they targeting Demo-Republicans?

28. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions • Jefferson and Madison see acts as a misuse of power. • States call acts a violation of 1st Amendment rights. • Nullification- States have the right to void laws deemed unconstitutional.

29. State’s Rights • The idea that the union binding the United States is an agreement between the states and that they therefore can overrule federal law.

30. Washington Dies • Dec. 14, 1799

31. Discuss and Answer 3. What were the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions? • Take a minute and discuss the following questions with your elbow partner. -Why did Jefferson and Madison believe the states didn’t have to follow the Alien and Sedition Acts? -What did the resolutions say about the power of the states and the federal government?

32. WHAT/WHY IMPORTANT/AS A RESULT Voc. • Use the WHAT/WHY IMPORTANT/AS A RESULT format. • The four words are: • Alien • Sedition • Nullify • State’s Rights

33. Study Guide • Copy and complete the study guide on page 75, “The Presidency of John Adams.” • Use the summary before study guide, your notes, or textbook pages 172-175. • Must be completed to leave.

34. Pages 172-175 • Write down all the Main Ideas. • Write down all the voc. words (they are in blue). • Answer all the Check Point questions. • Answer all the Check your Progress questions 1-7. • Copy down the Chapter Summary on page 177. • Copy down the Key concept table on page 177.