The U.S. Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)

1. OFDA Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance Given in Sofia,Bulgaria for the Inter-Agency Cooperation in Crisis Management and Disaster Response Workshop, 17-18SEP 2013 The U.S. Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) POC: D. ChiversUSAID OFDA Civ-Mil Coordinator for Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa (dchivers@ofda.gov) As Of 2013 JUL 22

2. OFDA TOPICS Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • USG Main actors in “Foreign Disaster Response” (DOD Term) [AKA FHA, HA/DR] • “Humanitarian Assistance” for all others • OFDA Basics • USG Response Process • USG Response Options • OFDA in EUCOM today

3. OFDA Main Actors Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • STATE Department • US Policy and Diplomatic Guidance • Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM) • Focus is REFUGEES • USAID/ OFDA • Focus is INTERNALY DISPLACED • Response to Natural and Man Made disasters • Also works in Disaster Risk Reduction • Others (HHS, DOD, etc.) • Only when REQUESTED by LFA • Depends on UNIQUE capability of each

4. OFDA USAID/OFDA Basics Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • OFDA Role within the USG • Lead Federal Agency (LFA) for International Disaster Response (Humanitarian Assistance) • Coordinator of USG Response in support of Host Nation, and in Coordination with the International Humanitarian Community and other Donors • Donor • Strategic, Operational and Expeditionary

5. OFDA USAID/OFDA Basics Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • Mandate / Mission • Save Lives, Alleviate Human Suffering, and Reduce the Economic and Social Impacts of a disaster • Authorities & Money • Since 1961- The Foreign Assistance Act • Congressionally Funded- “IDA” Account • Special Authorities to move and spend money quickly

6. OFDA From Request to Response Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance USG Host Nation Request Assistance US Ambassador in Capitol May be phone call or meeting only- No need for public or formal announcement Senior Leader at Federal Level Request Meets the USG Criteria: MDRO • HN asks or is willing to accept • Beyond HN capacity • In USG Interest USAID/ OFDA (Region & DC) Authorizes OFDA Response Disaster Declaration Cable POC: D.Chivers@ofda.gov As Of 24 JUN 13

7. OFDA Response Options Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • Coordinate the USG Response • Report the USG response • In support of HN • Work with UN, IOs and NGOs Regional Advisor Deploy OFDA Staff Assessment Team DART & RMT • Work in the Cluster System • Practice Good Donorship • Uphold Humanitarian Principles UN Agencies Fund Partners • $50k • Grants Int’l Orgs (IOs) Disaster Declaration Cable NGOs Yes • Miami, Italy, UAE, and Dobbins AFB • Commercial Air Most Common • Local Purchase often good option • Can assist partners OFDA Warehouses Provide Commodities Special Purchase 3rd Party • Depends on specifics of the event • May or may not be Reimbursable • OFDA validates all actions by inter-agency partner USPHS / CDC Employ USG Inter-Agency BLM/ USFS DOD All Options are based on Rapid Humanitarian Needs Assessment USAR Others

8. OFDA Response Options Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • Staff / Field Teams / DART Field Monitoring: Philippines ’09 DART Field Team – Nicaragua ‘07 Typical DART DART Field Coordination Task: Coordinating Response Logistics POC: D. Chivers OFDA Advisor to EMCA and EUCOM As Of 07 SEP 12

9. OFDA Response Options Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • Emergency Relief Commodities Water Treatment trailer Plastic Sheeting for Shelter Plastic Sheeting at airfield OFDA Locally Purchased Hygiene Kits

10. OFDA Response Options Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • Grants to Implementing Partners NGOs Red Cross Movement International Organizations (IOs) The UN

11. OFDA Response Options Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • Request Unique Capabilities from the USG Inter-Agency OFDA and USAID/FFP (Food For Peace) : Haiti ‘10 USAR Teams : Haiti ‘10 Add USAR, CDC, CDC: Philippines ‘09 DOD: Nicaragua ‘07 As Of 07 SEP 12

12. USG Foreign Disaster Response (FDR) Process (with Optional DOD Support) OFDA USAID/OFDA Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance OFDA Wash DC - Informs the Inter-Agency - Manages the Process as the Lead Federal Agency - Begins Crisis Planning OFDA Region -Coordinates w/ the Field & DC -US EMB, USAID & non- USG (UN, Donors, etc.) OFDA @ COCOM -Updates and Advises the CDR and Staff On-Scene • Does event meet USG Response Criteria? • HN Request • Beyond HN Capacity • In US interest OFDA Response Options Employed -Staff to Scene or DART -Funding of Implementing Partners- Grants $$ -Commodities -Request Inter-Agency Support if Needed > Does DOD have a needed Unique Capability? OFDA is LFA OFDA Field Tm/ DART • Manages the On- Scene • USG Response • Validates, Vets, and • Prioritizes Mission • Requests to DOD Disaster Declaration Cable Yes Input COM Signs Yes Executive Secretary Memo (Exec Sec) MITAM (Tactical Mission Requests to DOD) USAID Mission ACTION ACTION MDRO & OFDA Draft Cable US AMB/COM Request Assistance USG Updates, Fact Sheets Main STATE Inform . Advise Humanitarian Emergency Begins Host Nation SECDEF Approves, then orders process to COCOM, who assigns a MILFOR / JTF if applicable DOD in DC - Raise Awareness /Alert - Start planning if indications are DOD may be requested - Embed / Coordinate w/ OFDA in DC if DOD support request is likely Note: OFDA will inform DOD of all DDs Response HQ/ JTF -Staffs, Sources and Executes Daily MITAM missions -Coordinates with Users to Execute -Re-Deploy as soon as Unique Service No Longer Needed COCOM , Components & Select Units and Bases - Raise Awareness / Alert - Establish OPT for FDR- if it looks like DOD may requested to support (OFDA @ COCOM will assist) Note: Per DOD Directive 5100.46, “... a military commander with assigned forces at or near the immediate scene of a foreign disaster (can take) prompt action to save human lives...” Maintain Situational Awareness / Planning if Appropriate Deploy POC: D. Chivers, dchivers@ofda.gov FDR FCM NEO Process: 2013 SEP10

13. Always- Coordination DART attends UN Cluster Meetings Working with Host Nation to Distribute Supplies DART coordinating with other donors, the UN and foreign militaries Advising and Coordinating with Local Government Ministries and NGOs

14. OFDA In our area Now Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance • Syria Complex Emergency • DART (Disaster Assistance Response Team) operating from Turkey and Jordan • Grants through Implementing Partners for work inside Syria (Health, Shelter, Medical, Nutrition, WASH, etc.) • Commodity shipments • Israel, the UN, PA , and Jordan Professional Dialogue • Remaining ready for responses in E. Europe and the Caucasus

15. USAID/OFDA Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance OFDA Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance Key Civ-Mil Points OFDA is the USG Lead Federal Agency (“Supported Unit”) Disaster Response is counter-intuitive / Not like Fighting a War “Do No Harm” is paramount FHA System is PULL, not Push Response is based on NEED (takes time) DOD Capacity does not equal Need Exec Sec Memo makes it official Normally Not Reimbursable MITAM is tactical Request for mission support OFDA Mandate Save Lives Alleviate Human Suffering Reduce the Economic and Social Impact of the Disaster OFDA Response Options People (Individuals. Regional Advisors or Teams /DART) Money (Grants to UN, IOs, NGOs) Stuff ( Emergency supplies) OFDA ‘s Tasks during a Response Lead the Inter-Agency Response within the beltway as well as in the field Coordinate USG response actions on the ground to meet Humanitarian Needs Coordinate with other responders such as the HN, UN, & NGOs Resources Your OFDA Contact is: Mr. Dana D. Chivers dchivers@ofda.gov +1.571.594-3937 Need Info/SA? Go to www.reliefweb.int SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED POC: D. Chivers OFDA Advisor to EMCA and EUCOM As Of 11 SEP 12