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Reformation

Reformation. Roman Catholic Church. By the 10th century the Roman Catholic Church dominated life in Europe. Church Weakens. 1500’s the church had weekend due to wide spread criticism. What enabled the people to question the authority of the church?. Printing press spread secular

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Reformation

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  1. Reformation

  2. Roman Catholic Church • By the 10th century the Roman Catholic Church dominated life in Europe

  3. Church Weakens • 1500’s the church had weekend due to wide spread criticism. • What enabled the people to question the authority of the church?

  4. Printing press spread secular Ideas • Effects on education? • Effects on society?

  5. Merchants refused to pay taxes to Rome • Corrupt and poorly educated church officials

  6. Calls for Reform • Reformers believed that the Pope did not have the right to worldly power • Believed that the Bible had more authority than church leaders • Is this foreshadowing future events? (power of documents)

  7. Martin Luther

  8. Taking a Stand • Johann Tetzel - a friar raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome. • Indulgence – a pardon from sins.

  9. The 95 Theses • 95 formal statements attacking the “pardon – merchants” • Wittenberg Castle = Reformation • Led to the founding of a Christian church that did not accept the Pope’s authority

  10. Spread Across Europe

  11. Pope’s Threat • Luther, “Force out the Pope!” • Excommunication – Being kicked out of the church forever • Luther ignored it and so he was excommunicated by Pope Leo X

  12. Holy Roman Empire

  13. Holy Roman Empire • Emperor Charles V - tried Luther • Edict of Worms – Give Luther nothing!!

  14. People’s Response • People accepted Luther’s ideas • Followers known as Lutheran’s

  15. 30 Years War • German Princes protest against Rome = term protestant • Rome defeats them • Peace of Augsburg – Every German state can choose its own religion • What social path is Europe now destined for?

  16. King Henry VIII • Wanted a son • Annulment –set aside the marriage • Act of Supremacy – King is the supreme power in England • Church of England was now in power

  17. Queen Elizabeth I • Anglican Church - National church of England • Priests could marry and have a family • If one did not attend a fine was assessed • Is this any different than the rule of the Catholic Church?

  18. John Calvin • Predestination – God has known since the beginning of time who will be saved • Theocracy – a government controlled by religious leaders. • Geneva, Switzerland

  19. Huguenots • French Calvinist • Hunted down by Catholics and Murdered

  20. Anabaptists • Choose to be Baptized • Separation of Church and State • Refused to fight in wars and were persecuted by other Protestants and Catholics • Influenced the Amish and Quakers

  21. Catholic Reformation • Ignatius of Loyal- laid out a day-by-day plan of worship • Jesuits - Society of Jesus

  22. Jesuits • Founding schools • Convert non-Christians • Stop Protestantism

  23. Pope Reformation • Investigate indulgence • Approved the Jesuit order • Inquisition • Index of forbidden Books • THE INQUISITION!!!!

  24. Council of Trent • Churches interpretation of the Bible was final • Christians need faith and good works for salvation • The Bible and Church tradition were equally powerful authorities • Indulgences were valid expressions of faith but the false selling of indulgences was banned • Is this real change?

  25. Legacy of the Reformation

  26. Religion no longer united Europe • Individual monarchs and states gained power • Paved the way for modern nations • Laid the groundwork for a rejection of Christian belief • Helped stage the modern world

  27. Did the Reformation shape the Modern World?

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