Industrialization and Imperialism

1. Industrialization and Imperialism Ch 24

2. I. Introduction • Industrialization • Brought raw materials to Europe • Increase in exports • European goods started to be more desirable • Technological advances led to a European Advantage • Rivalries between European Countries • Fear of each other and not Muslims

3. II. Europeans in Asia • Became profitable compared to earlier expeditions • Dutch • 1619- Trading post established in Java • Started as vassals- helped sultans of Mataram • Started to gain control through war intervention • 1750- Virtually controlled everything

4. II. Europeans in Asia • British • English East India Company • Initially- mostly independent • Got involved in Indian affairs • Used Sepoys to build armies • Bitish Raj- British rule in India • Battle of Plassey • 3000 British/Sepoys defeat 50000 Indians

5. II. Europeans in Asia • British cont. • Muslims and Hindus could not unite • Mughal empire collapsed • British take over as a result of feuding Princes • Sepoys fueled British expansion • Cultural • Tried to bring England to India but failed • Adopted some culture • Intermarriage yet racial tensions • Kept caste system • Kept princes as figureheads in provinces

6. II. Europeans in Asia • British cont. • Nabobs led to corruption • 1790s -Parliament got involved • Lord Cornwallis- helped stop corruption and removed some colonial power • Eventually Sati was outlawed • Pushed British culture

7. III. Industrial Rivalries • Initial Rivalries: Belgium, France and British • British naval power in 1800’s • Eventually US gets involved. • Resources, markets and prestige • European Advantage • Better metals • Powerful/Accurate weapons • Machine Gun • Iron hulled steam ships

8. III. Industrial Rivalries • Native Disadvantage • Spears, arrows and leather shields • Still fought back • Zulus defeated British at Isandhlwana (1879 • Still lost • Used guerrilla warfare • Spiritual warfare

9. IV. Patterns of Dominance • Tropical Dependencies • Africa, Asia and South Pacific • Small number of Europeans ruled large population of indigenous • Ex Java & India

10. IV. Patterns of Dominance • Settlement Colonies • White Dominions • Most of population made up of Europeans • Large Territories • Ex Canada& Australia

11. IV. Patterns of Dominance • Settlement Colony Variations • Large mixed population • Social issues and land disputes • Ex. South Africa, Hawaii & New Zealand

12. IV. Patterns of Dominance • Social issues in colonies • Played ethnic groups against each other • Denied education to locals • Isolated from locals • Safer living conditions • Brought women over • Outlawed miscegenation • “Snobby” perception of colonist • High demands placed on indigenous people

13. IV. Patterns of Dominance • South Africa • Boers moved in to take over territory • Enslaved Khoikhoi • Colored people- African/European mixed • Ran into Zulus and Xhosa • British got involved • Boer Republic 1867 • Diamonds and Gold discovered • British involved again • Boer War 1899-1902 • Brutal war but British won

14. IV. Patterns of Dominance • Pacific Islands • Social and Health Issues • Isolated- susceptible to disease • Easily influenced • New Zealand • Maori killed by smallpox, Tuberculosis and common cold • Alcoholism • Prostitution • Fought back but overwhelmed by European weapons • Used European laws to win some rights

15. IV. Patterns of Dominance • Hawaii • Discovered by Captain James Cook (Spain) 1777-1779 • Killed over ship’s nails • British influence 1843 and then US in 1898 • Unified under Kamehameha • Backed by British • Women dominated culture • Missionary change • Ravaged by disease • Chinese laborers • Annexed by US • Racism not an issue

16. V. Wrap Up • Europeans controlled territory through means of force • Led to Nationalism • Rivalries influenced arms build up and complex alliances resulting in WWI WWI result of Space Marine Invasion