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Organic Compounds, Part II

Organic Compounds, Part II. October 1, 2012. Warm Up. All Seed Labs Revisions Due Friday. Four Major Organic Molecules. Remember Organic means “contains carbon”. 1. Carbohydrates. Simple Sugars Starches. 2. Lipids. Fats and oils Make cell membranes. Phospholipid. Lipids. 3. Proteins.

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Organic Compounds, Part II

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  1. Organic Compounds, Part II October 1, 2012

  2. Warm Up

  3. All Seed Labs Revisions Due Friday

  4. Four Major Organic Molecules • Remember Organic means “contains carbon”

  5. 1. Carbohydrates • Simple Sugars • Starches

  6. 2. Lipids • Fats and oils • Make cell membranes

  7. Phospholipid Lipids

  8. 3. Proteins • Polymers of amino acids

  9. Functions of Proteins • Proteins function in just about everything • Structure- skin, hair, muscle • Signaling – hormones • Transport • Enzymes

  10. Protein Structure • Proteins are polymers of amino acid monomers • There are twenty different amino acids. • Amino acids differ in “R” groups

  11. Protein Structure • Proteins differ in the number and order of amino acids • Amino acids interact to give a protein shape • Incorrect amino acids change a proteins structure and function.

  12. 4. Nucleic acids • Nucleic acids are monomers of nucleotides • Contain C, H, O, N, P • Store and transmit genetic information (DNA and RNA)

  13. Structure of Nucleotides • Phosphate group • Sugar • Nitrogen base

  14. Virtual Activity • My.hrw.com • Section 2.3 • Multimedia Labs and Activities • Virtual Investigations

  15. Comprehension Check • Describe at least one function of each group of organic compound. • Why are proteins considered polymers but lipids are not? • What class of macromolecule does the following compound belong to?

  16. Homework • Make a “study guide” for yourself. • List each of the four organic compounds with • Their monomer and polymer (structure) • At least two functions • How would you test for this organic compound in the lab?

  17. 2.4: Chemical Reactions • Chemical Reactions change substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds • Reactants are changed (what you react) • Productsare made (what you produce)

  18. Chemical Reactions Release or Absorb Energy • Activation Energy is the amount of energy that needs to be absorbed to start a chemical reaction (to activate the reaction)

  19. Exothermic Reactions • Release more energy than they absorb • (Release heat)

  20. Endothermic Reactions • Absorb more energy than they release • (take in heat energy  feels cold)

  21. 2.5: Enzymes

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