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The Styles of the Enlightenment: Rococo, Bourgeois, Neo-Classical

Explore the diverse artistic styles of the Enlightenment period from 1750 to 1820, including Rococo, Bourgeois, and Neo-Classical. Discover the ornamental and sentimental Rococo, the art for the middle classes known as Bourgeois, and the revival of Greek and Roman influences in Neo-Classical art.

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The Styles of the Enlightenment: Rococo, Bourgeois, Neo-Classical

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  1. The Styles of the Enlightenment 1750 – 1820 Rococo Bourgeois Neo-Classical

  2. Golly, Chapter 11 is so interesting!!! p. 308

  3. The Enlightenment?1688-1789? • 1688 – “Glorious Revolution” in England • 1789 – French Revolution • A radical movement in philosophy – • atheist or deist • Rationalist with an Ancient Roman flair • CRITICISM: “religion is superstition” • ideas not always reflected in all of the arts

  4. Sapere aude! “DARE TO KNOW!” – Kant (don’t just “believe”) “Every sensible man, every honorable man, must hold the Christian sect in horror.” – Voltaire quotes from pp. 296, 295

  5. James Madison "religious bondage shackles and debilitates the mind and unfits it for every noble enterprize." of the "almost fifteen centuries" of Christianity: "What have been its fruits? More or less in all places, pride and indolence in the Clergy, ignorance and servility in the laity, in both, superstition, bigotry, and persecution."

  6. ROCOCO The softer side of Baroque (or a reaction against it) ornamental sentimental sensuous (trivial) Audience? ARISTOCRACY

  7. Antoine Watteau, Pilgrimage to the Island of Cythera, 1717, p. 293 Not many straight lines!

  8. Detail, Pilgrimage

  9. Antoine WatteauFrench, 1684 - 1721Italian Comedians, probably 1720oil on canvas, 63.8 x 76.2 cm (25 1/8 x 30 in.)

  10. Fragonard,The Swing,1769 KEY IMAGE p. 301

  11. Fragonard,The Swing,1769

  12. Jean Honore Fragonard, The Bathers, 1761

  13. Boucher “His canvases often seem to consist of little beyond mounds of pink flesh . . .”

  14. Francois Boucher, The Toilet of Venus, 1751p. 299

  15. Boucher, Allegory of Music, 1752

  16. Boucher, The Sleep of Venus, 1734

  17. Boucher, Odalisk, 1745

  18. ClodionIntoxication of Wine(Satyr & Bacchante)terracotta, c. 24”c. 1775p. 297SEX

  19. Some ties to philosophy God Nature  pleasure

  20. Boucher, Shepherd and Shepherdess,1761

  21. NattierThalia(the muse of comedy)in SF

  22. Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna – Rococo!!!

  23. Balthasar NeumannVierzehnheiligen, 1743-72 Rococop. 304

  24. Balthasar NeumannVierzehnheiligen, 1743-72 Rococop. 304

  25. The Bourgeois Style: Genre Painting Art for the earnest middle classes (and the aristocracy, too)

  26. Genre painting – A type of painting showing scenes from everyday life and surroundings. The term also refers to the various types of subject matter: history, portraiture, landscape, still life, and flower painting. (Thus “genre painting” is a genre of painting!) See glossary.

  27. Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin(1699-1779) self-portrait, 1771, pastel "We use colors, but we paint with our feelings."

  28. Chardin The Prayer before Meal1744, Oil on canvas, 50 x 38.5 cm • charm • simplicity • subtle moralizing tone not in text; compare fig. 11.15, p. 307

  29. ChardinStill Life With Fish1769 No fruit, but lots of pairs!

  30. p. 307

  31. CHARDIN, Jean Baptiste SimeonThe Silver Goblet13 x 16 1/4" (33 x 41 cm)The Silver Tureenc. 1728 30 x 42 1/2 in.A "Lean Diet" with Cooking Utensilsaka The Meat-day Meal1731

  32. Hogarth, WilliamGin Lane1750Etching and engraving14 1/16 x 11 3/4 in MORALIZING Compare to p. 318, The Marriage Contract

  33. Marie-Elisabeth-LouiseVigée-LebrunSelf-Portrait with Daughterc. 1798 Aristocratic patrons Neo-Greek Neo-Renaissance Sentimental KEY IMAGE p. 302

  34. Neo-Classicism Those Greek ideas again (doesn’t that make this neo-neo-neo-Classicism?) ART FOR ARISTOCRATS OR REVOLUTIONARIES?

  35. Ange-Jacques Gabriel, Petit Trianon, Versailles, France 1761-4 (Louis XVI)

  36. Monticello

  37. Monticello 1770-84 THOMAS JEFFERSON Revolutionary & Neo-Classical architect Key image p. 313

  38. Is it in your pocket right now?

  39. University of Virginia library Similar to???

  40. Self-portrait Neo-Classical Style in painting Jacques-Louis David

  41. David, The Death of Socrates, 1787

  42. David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784 NEO-CLASSICAL Key image p. 315 many straight lines!

  43. Jacques Louis David, Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons, 1789

  44. David, Death of Marat, 1793

  45. NOT V.

  46. NOT HEART vs. HEAD EMOTION vs. INTELLECT IT’S ALL EMOTIONS – IT IS A QUESTION OF WHAT KINDS OF EMOTIONS

  47. SUMMARY – 18TH CENTURY • Age of Enlightenment but not all are enlightened . . . • ART & IDEAS - 3 different styles (Rococo, genre, Neo-Classical) reflect overlapping and conflicting values of different social classes • MUSIC – Genres such as the SYMPHONY and the STRING QUARTET emerge, all emphasizing CLARITY of musical ideas and the organization of CONTRAST, as exemplified by SONATA FORM

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