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Composition of Matter

Composition of Matter. Chapter 17 section 1. Substances. A substance is something that can not be broken down and still maintain its original characteristics/properties Elements are examples of a substance Compounds are examples of a substance. Difference Between Element and Compound.

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Composition of Matter

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  1. Composition of Matter Chapter 17 section 1

  2. Substances • A substance is something that can not be broken down and still maintain its original characteristics/properties • Elements are examples of a substance • Compounds are examples of a substance

  3. Difference Between Element and Compound • Element-Combination of like atoms • Entire substance is made of the same type of atom • Example-aluminum foil • Compound-A substance in which two or more atoms are combined in a fixed proportion to become stable • Example-H2O

  4. Mixtures • A material made up of 2 or more substances • Mixtures do not always combine the same proportions • Example-Saltwater • Mixtures can be separated • Example/Question-What happens when you boil salt water • As the water evaporates the salt is left behind

  5. Types of Mixtures • There are 3 different types of mixtures • Homogenous mixture-contains 2 or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances that are evenly blended • Examples • Coffee with milk and sugar (that has been dissolved) • Shows diffusion of molecules • Sugar and salt mixture that is mixed up evenly • Homogenous mixtures create a solution • Solution-particles so small that they cant be seen without the use of tools (microscope)

  6. Types of Mixtures (continued) • Heterogeneous mixture-A mixture in which materials are not evenly blended • Sometimes they can be easily separated (not always) • Example-a pizza is made up of crust, sauce, cheese and pepperoni • Certain types of cereal-Raisin bran or Lucky charms • Some heterogeneous mixtures will separate over time • Heterogeneous mixtures that will settle = suspension • Example-River carrying dirt or sand

  7. Types of Mixtures (continued) • Colloids-contains particles in varying proportions (heterogeneous) but particles will not settle over time • Examples–Fog (water particles suspended in air), hair gel, and some shampoos • Test for colloids using the Tyndall effect • Tyndall effect is the scattering of light as it passes through a colloid • You can see the beam because the particles in the mixture are big enough to cause the light to scatter

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