2010 界高三语法专题复习 ------------- 名词性从句

1. 2010界高三语法专题复习-------------名词性从句 Noun Clause ------杨兴文

5. 一、名词性从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫 名词性从句 功能：相当于名词词组, 它在复合 句中能担任主语、宾语、表 语、同位语、介词宾语等 分类：主语从句、宾语从句、表语 从句和同位语从句

6. 二、 引导名词从句的连接词 • 1）连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever等 • 2) 连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however • 3）连接词 whether/if 若一个名词从句,表达的含义为否用whether/if • 4）连接词that若一个句子表达含义和句子结构均完整，用连词that。 “that”在从句中不充当任何成分，没有任何含义。

7. 三.主语从句(subject clause) • That he failed in the exam is certain. • Whether our team will win the game is not yet clear. 3. Who has been elected President has not been announced yet. 4. What you said is not true. 5. Whoever helps to find the lost child will be given award. 6. Where I live is beautiful. 7. How the prisoner escaped is not clear. 8. It is known to all that the earth is round.

8. 1.主语从句的连接词 1).连接词: that, whether(在从句中不做成分） 2).连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever（在从句中可做主、宾、表、定） 3).连接副词: when, where, why, how, how many, how much ,how long, how soon, how often（在从句中可做状语）

9. 4).为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.4).为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. • 1. It is strange that he should be absent from school. • 2. It is suggested that a meeting should be held. • 3. It is well-known that the earth is round. • 4. It is a pity that he didn’t pass the exam. • 5. It is ordered that we hand in our papers tomorrow

10. 四、宾语从句 (object clause) • 1.I believe that the teacher will consider our suggestions. • 2. He always thinks of how he can do well. • 3. She was praised for what she had done. • 4. He wants to know if I still study English. • 5. I am interested in whether he can do it in such a short time.

11. 宾语从句的注意事项 1.宾语从句的引导词:宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同. 2.注意点 • 1).宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序.注意辨析： • Do you know who is our monitor? • I will tell you what I know. • I know what his name is. • Please tell me what is the matter. • 2).引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义,多数情况下可以省略.

12. 但在以下情况下不能省略 (1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that 从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略. We must make it clear that the traffic accident has nothing to do with us. (2).由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第一个that可以省略；第二个that 不能省略. He told me （that）he would come and that he would come on time.

13. 五、表语从句 (Predicative clause) 1. The fact is _____ she doesn’t like pop music. 2. My trouble is _____ I don’t have enough experience. 3. The question is _______ he will be present or not. 4. What troubled him was ________ he could get the money. that that whether whether /where /how

14. 表语从句: 结构: 常见连系动词: 连接词: 在复合句中充当表语的从句。 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语从句 be, look, remain, seem, appear that, whether, wh-疑问词, because, as if/ as though

15. 六、同位语从句(Appositive clause) • The suggestionthat we should start early was accepted. • I have no idea where I lost my watch. • It is still a problemwhether the meeting can be held. • His beliefthat he can do anything well if he wants to has led to his success.

16. 1.同位语从句的引导词:that whether how when where why 2. 同位语从句一般跟在名词:idea, fact, news, belief, thought, doubt, suggestion, proof ,message, order, conclusion, desire, theory, truth, word ,promise,reply, report, hope等后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容

17. 七、名词性从句的注意点 注意点1:that的省略问题 1.We know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 2. That he had fallen ill made us worried. 3.He said (that) he couldn’t tell you right away and that you wouldn’t understand. 连接词that 不能省略的情况: 1)and连接两个宾语从句,that 引导的宾语从句放and后时不能省略. 2) that 引导的宾语从句作介词but/except的宾语时. 3) that 引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句以及that 引导的从句放在句首时. 4)主句谓语动词与that从句中有插入语时.

18. 注意点二: what 与that 在引导名词性从句时的区别what 引导名词性从句时在从句中1）充当句子成分（主、宾、表）；2）本身有词义。而that 1）只起连接作用；2）本身没有词义；3）不在从句中担任成分。1) _______ you said yesterday is right. (=All that you …)2) ______ she is still alive is a puzzle. What That

19. 注意点三:whether 与if • 在宾语从句中，if和whether通常可以互换使用.但在 • 1)连接词紧挨着or not 时,用 whether. • I don’t know whether or not he will come. • 2)主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句若需表达“是否”，只能用连词whether，不能用if。 • 3)介词宾语从句只能用whether，不用if。 • 4)whether to do… • He hasn’t decided whether to go . • 5)discuss+ whether从句

20. 注意点四:同位语从句与定语从句 1.The suggestion that he made was accepted. 2.The suggestion that we should start early was accepted. 3.The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value. 4. The suggestion that he made is of great value. 5.The fact that he won the first place can’t be denied. 6.The fact that he told me excited me.

22. Thank you