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Outline

Outline. History of lightwave undersea cable systems Optical amplifier technologies Examples of lightwave undersea cable networks TPC-5CN APCN FLAG JIH Future technologies WDM Optical Soliton. Transmission capacity of the undersea cable systems in the Pacific ocean.

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Outline

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  1. Outline • History of lightwave undersea cable systems • Optical amplifier technologies • Examples of lightwave undersea cable networks • TPC-5CN • APCN • FLAG • JIH • Future technologies • WDM • Optical Soliton

  2. Transmission capacity of the underseacable systems in the Pacific ocean

  3. Lightwave undersea cable systemsin the Pacific ocean

  4. Major system parameters ofTPC-3 and TPC-4 system

  5. Transmission loss characteristics of the SiO2 based optical fiber

  6. Basic system configuration of the lightwave undersea cable system

  7. Block diagrams of the repeater circuits

  8. Reliability issues of the optical repeater

  9. Outline • History of lightwave undersea cable systems • Optical amplifier technologies • Examples of lightwave undersea cable networks • TPC-5CN • APCN • FLAG • JIH • Future technologies • WDM • Optical Soliton

  10. Principle of the Erbium-doped fiber optical amplifier (EDFA)

  11. Basic configuration of the EDFA

  12. Example of electro-optic repeater and EDFA Electro-optic repeater EDFA

  13. Technical difficulties of the lightwave undersea systems using EDFA repeater • Optical noise (ASE) accumulation • Chromatic dispersion of the transmission fiber • Nonlinearity of the transmission fiber • Polarization dependent factors • Polarization dependent loss (PDL) • Polarization hole burning (PHB) • Polarization mode dispersion (PMD)

  14. Test bed of the lightwave undersea systems using EDFA repeater

  15. Outline • History of lightwave undersea cable systems • Optical amplifier technologies • Examples of lightwave undersea cable networks • TPC-5CN • APCN • FLAG • JIH • Future technologies • WDM • Optical Soliton

  16. TPC-5CN Cable Route(Trans-Pacific Cable 5 Network)

  17. APCN Cable Route(Asia-Pacific Cable Network)

  18. FLAG Cable Route(Fiberoptic Link Around the Globe)

  19. Major system parameters of OS-A system

  20. JIH Cable Route(Japan Information Highway)

  21. Major system parameters of JIH cable(tentative) Key technology • Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) • 100Gbit/s = N wavelength  10 or 5 or 2.5Gbit/s

  22. Outline • History of lightwave undersea cable systems • Optical amplifier technologies • Examples of lightwave undersea cable networks • TPC-5CN • APCN • FLAG • JIH • Future technologies • WDM • Optical Soliton

  23. Explanation of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology

  24. Explanation of optical soliton technology

  25. Principle of recirculating loop experiment

  26. Experimental setup of 5Gbit/s, 22WDM,9500km recirculating loop experiment

  27. Snap shot of the WDM experiments

  28. Transmission performance of 5Gbit/s, 22WDM,9500km recirculating loop experiment

  29. Experimental setup of 20Gbit/s, 8100km straight line optical soliton transmission

  30. Transmission performance of 20Gbit/s, 8100km straight line optical soliton transmission

  31. Conclusion • Technologies of the global lightwave undersea cable networks are reviewed. • WDM and soliton are two key technologies of future undersea cable networks. • 100Gbit/s class lightwave communication system is already available under the laboratory condition, and will be available for the commercial use in early 21st century.

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