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Reforms, Revolutions and War

Explore key events such as the Chartist movement, women's rights advocacy, Factory Act of 1833, slavery abolition, and revolutions in France and Latin America in this detailed overview of historical reforms, revolutions, and conflicts. Discover the impact of significant figures like Mary Wollstonecraft, Queen Victoria, and Toussaint L’Ouverture, and learn about pivotal moments like the Louisiana Purchase, Monroe Doctrine, and Civil War. Dive into the complexities of social, political, and economic transformations that shaped nations and societies.

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Reforms, Revolutions and War

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  1. Reforms, Revolutions and War Chap 23

  2. Chartists • What did they do? • Why do you think women were looked at as inferior in the past? • Do you think men and women are looked at as equal now? Explain

  3. Women’s rights • Mary Wollstonecraft (1792) • Women’s rights activist • Women are not inferior just not as educated • Suffragist • What was the first country to give women the right to vote? • What amendment gave women the right to vote? When? • Why do you think it took so long for them to vote?

  4. Factory Act of 1833 • Rules about children working in textile factories • 1. Under 9 can’t work • 2. 9-13 9 hrs max 13-18 12 hrs max • 3. No work at night • 4. Inspectors to enforce • What do you think working laws should be?

  5. Slavery • Why do you think there was slavery? • Do you think we will ever get rid of slavery? Why or why not? • Britain abolished slavery in 1833 • When did the US? • What was the Emancipation Proclamation? • Why do you think we waited so long? • What are the Reconstruction Amendments?

  6. Queen Victoria • Longest running British monarch (64 years) • Known as the Victorian Age • Prosperity and expansion in England

  7. Potato Famine • Ireland in 1845-1852 • 1 million die • Migrate to America (etc) • Face problems WHY?

  8. Canada 1867 • Get self-government from Britain • Dominion

  9. Congress of Vienna • Restored the king to power • Louis XVIII • France had a constitution and legislature (king had most power) • Charles X inherits the throne (Louis died) • Caused Revolution of 1830 (ruled as tyrant) • Abdicated and fled • Constitutional monarchy formed • Louis Philippe new king

  10. Revolution of 1848 • Louis Philippe not very popular • People revolt • LP abdicates (ends monarchy) • Form republic (president) • Elect Louis Napoleon • 2nd Republic • 1st republic was era btwn French Revolution and Napoleon • LN wants to stay president (even though he can’t) • Seized power • Elected Napoleon III (2nd Empire)

  11. 3rd Republic • 1870 Franco-Prussian War • Bad defeat for France (Napoleon III captured) • Deposed N III and proclaim 3rd Republic • 3rd Republic • 1. Primary education open to kids 6-13 • 2. working hours reduced • 3. act passed requiring a day off per week

  12. Dreyfus Affair • 1894 • Alfred Dreyfus accused of spying for Germany • Jewish and innocent but found guilty • Why did they continue if he was innocent? • Emile Zola wrote I Accuse • Supporting Dreyfus • Anti-Semitism • Zionism

  13. Toussaint L’Ouverture • Freed educated slave (house servant) • 1791 • Joined slave rebellion vs French • Helped Haiti get its independence

  14. Latin America • Gets name from Spanish and Portuguese languages • Social class • *1. Peninsulares (born in Europe) • *2. Creoles (Europeans born in America) • *3. Mestizo (European and NA mixed) • *4. Mulatto (European and African mixed) • 5. Indios (Native Americans) • 6. Zambos (NA and African) • 7. Africans • Work in mines and on plantations

  15. C and E of Latin American Revolutions • Causes: Effects: • 1. Social tensions 1. Independence • 2. French/American Revolutions 2. New countries created • 3. Limited freedoms 3. Equality

  16. Revolutionaries • Father Hidalgo (Father of Mexican Independence) • Inspires Mexico to freedom in 1821 from Spain (dies 1st) • Simon Bolivar (George Washington of South America) • Helps free: • Gran Colombia (Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Ecuador) • Peru and Bolivia • Wants to form the Federation of the Andes (fails) • Jose de San Martin • Helps free • Argentina • Chile • Peru

  17. Louisiana Purchase • 1803 • France (Napoleon) sales to US WHY? • Doubles size of the US • Why did we want this?

  18. Monroe Doctrine • States the Americas are off limits to new European expansion • WHY?

  19. Trail of Tears • Indian Removal Act 1830 • WHY? • Trail of Tears • Many Native Americans died on the trip • 5 “civilized tribes” • 1. Cherokee • 2. Creek (Muscogee) • 3. Choctaw • 4. Seminole • 5. Chickasaw

  20. Texas Revolution • 1835-1836 • Texans (US land owners) fight to get freedom from Mexico • 1845 • US annexed • 1846-1848 • Mexican-American War • Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo

  21. Manifest Destiny • 1845 • Coined by John L O’Sullivan • WHY MOVE WEST? • 1. Gold rushes • California (1848) and Alaska (1898) • 2. Land (Homestead Act 1862) • Oklahoma Land Rush in 1889 and 1893 (2x big) • 3. Opportunity • Work as • 1. Cowboys (1/4th freed blacks) 1866-1886 WHY? • 2. Railroads (Transcontinental Railroad completed 1869) • Civil War vets

  22. Civil War • 1861-1865 • Abraham Lincoln • North (Union) vs South (Confederacy) • U.S. Grant vs Robert E Lee • Causes: • 1. States rights • 2. Economics (slavery) • 3. Social differences • Results: • 1. Country reunited • 2. Reconstruction • 3. Slavery ended

  23. Major Battles • 1. Fort Sumter (1st battle) 0 casualties C-win • 2. Bull Run (1st major battle) C-win • 3. Shiloh (Biggest death total to date) TN U-win • 4. Fredericksburg (biggest battle) C-win • 5. Siege of Vicksburg (MS) U-win • 6. Gettysburg (turning point) U-win • 7. Appomattox Court House (South surrenders)

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