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Organic Compounds

Organic Compounds. Organic Compounds. Organic compounds must have carbon and hydrogen. Some examples of organic compounds includes carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Inorganic Compounds.

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Organic Compounds

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  1. Organic Compounds

  2. Organic Compounds • Organic compounds must have carbon and hydrogen. Some examples of organic compounds includes carbohydrates, proteins and lipids.

  3. Inorganic Compounds • Inorganic compounds have either one or none of carbon and hydrogen. Water is inorganic as it only has hydrogen and carbon dioxide is also inorganic. H2O CO2

  4. Examples • Identify if the compound is inorganic or organic. • Octane C8 H18 • Starch (C6 H10 O5 ) • Steel Fe • Butane C4 H10 • Baking Soda NaHCO3 • Olive Oil C18 H34 O2

  5. CH2OH O H H H OH H OH HO H OH Carbohydrates Carbohydrates: Energy molecules Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen.

  6. sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar Carbohydrates • Building block molecules = monosaccharides sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar

  7. sucrose Carbohydrates • Function: • quick energy (short term) • energy storage • structure • cell wall in plants • Examples • sugars • starches • cellulose (cell wall) glucoseC6H12O6 starch

  8. CH2OH O H H H OH H OH HO H OH glucose sucrose fructose C6H12O6 maltose Sugars = building blocks • Names for sugars usually end in • glucose • fructose • sucrose • maltose -ose

  9. Building carbohydrates • Synthesis 2 sugars = disaccharide 1 sugar = monosaccharide | glucose | glucose | maltose mono = one saccharide = sugar di = two

  10. Building carbohydrates • Synthesis 2 sugars = disaccharide 1 sugar = monosaccharide | sucrose (table sugar) | glucose | fructose How sweetit is!

  11. BIG carbohydrates • Polysaccharides • large carbohydrates • starch • energy storage in plants • potatoes • glycogen • energy storage in animals • in liver & muscles • cellulose • structure in plants • cell walls poly = many

  12. Building BIG carbohydrates polysaccharide glucose + glucose + glucose… = starch (plant) energystorage glycogen (animal)

  13. Digesting starch vs. cellulose starcheasy todigest cellulosehard todigest

  14. Cellulose • Cell walls in plants • herbivores can digest cellulose well • most carnivores cannot digest cellulose • that’s why they eat meatto get their energy & nutrients • cellulose = roughage • stays undigested • keeps material moving in your intestines

  15. Different Diets of Herbivores Cow can digest cellulose well; no need to eat other sugars Gorilla can’t digest cellulose well; must add another sugar source, like fruit to diet

  16. Helpful bacteria • How can cows digest cellulose so well? • BACTERIA live in their stomachs & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals Eeeew…Chewingcud?

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