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Colonial Life

Colonial Life. 1607-1763. Major Themes. Southern Colonies New England Colonies Middle Colonies Imperialistic System Diversity. The Southern Colonies. Describe the Southern economy and the plantation system. Outline the development of slavery in the South.

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Colonial Life

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  1. Colonial Life 1607-1763

  2. Major Themes • Southern Colonies • New England Colonies • Middle Colonies • Imperialistic System • Diversity

  3. The Southern Colonies • Describe the Southern economy and the plantation system. • Outline the development of slavery in the South. • Explain the rise of the planter elite in colonial Southern society.

  4. Economy • Commercial agriculture • tobacco • rice & indigo • Plantations • Demand • Chesapeake Bay • Indentured Servitude • need • contract • South Carolina • rice • indigo

  5. Society • Plantation system tended to create a society with distinct social classes • Gentry • Self contained communities • Planters • 1600’s • 1700’s • Yeoman farmers • Subsistence farming • tobacco

  6. Bacon’s Rebellion • Governor William Berkeley • Tax exemption • Voting disenfranchisement • Land • Nathaniel Bacon (1676) • Result • Land expansion • Expansion of slavery • Royal African Company (1672)

  7. Slavery • 10-12 million slaves transported to the Americas b/w 1450-1870 • Middle Passage • Chattel slavery • Slave code

  8. Chapter 3.1 Review Questions • Why did Southern tobacco planters use indentured servants to work their fields? • What was the difference between the planter elite and backcountry farmers? • What situation led to Bacon’s Rebellion? • Why was slavery particularly entrenched in the Southern colonies?

  9. New England & Middle Colonies New England’s Economy New England Towns Rise of Cities Middle Colonies

  10. New England’s Economy • Diverse economy • Corn • Grand Banks • Whaling • Lumbering • Timber • Fall line

  11. New England Towns • Church covenants • Town proprietors • Town meetings • Selectmen • Meetinghouse • “Holy Watching”

  12. Rise of Cities • Merchants • Triangular Trade • New England • Caribbean • England • Urban Social Class • Wealthy merchants • Artisans • Unskilled workers • Forced laborers • Overcrowding

  13. Middle Colonies • Fertile land • Wheat • Rivers (Hudson, Delaware, and Susquehanna) • Wheat boom • Entrepreneurs • Capitalists • Class System • Wealthy entrepreneurs • Farmers • Tenant farmers

  14. Chapter 3.2 Review Questions • How did the geography of New England affect its economy? • What was the importance of New England town meetings? • What social classes made up urban society in colonial America? • How did geography affect the economy of the Middle Colonies?

  15. The British Imperial System Mercantilism The Glorious Revolution

  16. Mercantilism • Economic system that emphasized a country had to accumulate gold and silver through exports and imports • Self sufficient in raw materials • Provides reliable markets & eager suppliers • Navigation Acts • All goods must be transported in GBR ships • Enumerated commodities • Staple Act • Custom inspectors • Commissioners of Trade and Plantations (1675) • Dominion of New England (1686) • Sir Edmund Andros

  17. Glorious Revolution of 1688 • James II • Mary and William of Orange • Glorious Revolution • English Bill of Rights • Abolish king’s absolute power • Impose taxes or raise army • Freedom of speech and cruel & unusual punishment • Toleration Act • New Charter for Massachusetts Bay • John Locke • Two Treatises of Government • Justification of revolution • Natural rights

  18. Chapter 3.3 Review Questions • Why did James II create the Dominion of New England? • What did the English Bill of Rights provide?

  19. Diverse Society Family Life Immigrants Africans Enlightenment Great Awakening

  20. Family Life • Explosive growth • Birthrate • Legal status • Disease • Cotton Mather

  21. Immigrants • Pennsylvania Dutch • Scot-Irish • Jews

  22. Africans • West Africa • South Carolina • Gullah • Control • Virginia • English • Control • Stono Rebellion

  23. Intellectual Movements • Enlightenment • Rationalism • Jacques Rosseau • Baron Montesquieu • Great Awakening • Pietism • Revivals • Jonathan Edwards • George Whitfield

  24. Chapter 3.4 Review Questions • Why did the colonial population increase dramatically in the 1700’s? • What reasons did immigrants have for coming to the American colonies? • How did enslaved Africans fight back against slavery? • What was the difference between the Enlightenment and Great Awakening?

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