Seminar Outline

1. Identification and Assessment of Environmental and Heritage Concerns for Mining Exploration Industry

2. Seminar Outline • Relevant Departments/agencies for administration of environmental and heritage legislation. • Roles and responsibilities • Your obligations • A selection of “real world” matters in the environment and heritage • A closer look at the topical area of CSG

3. So, I hope you’re feeling enthused and interested by all that……………

4. Australian/Federal/Commonwealth Departments and Legislation • Department of Sustainability, Water, Population and Communities • Key legislation is the “Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999”, sometimes called the EPBC Act. • Commonwealth Role and EPBC Act Objectives • Also responsible for many other Acts relating to Antarctica, Environment Protection, Reservoirs of National Significance, Water, Sewerage, Hazardous Waste, Meteorology, Sea Installations, Ozone Protection and Greenhouse Gasses to name a few.

5. Australian/Federal/Commonwealth Departments and Legislation • Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF). • Deal with legislation regarding agricultural and veterinary chemicals, animal health, dairy control, farming households, fisheries, forestry, imported foods, cattle diseases, natural resources management, plant health, quarantine, exporting and primary industries research and development.

6. South Australian Departments/agencies with some interest in Environmental Concerns • Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (DEWNR) http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/About_Us/Legislation • Department of Premier and Cabinet (DPC) • Department of Planning Transport and Infrastructure (DPTI) • Environment Protection Authority (EPA) • Primary Industry and Regions SA (PIRSA) • Natural Resources Management Boards (NRMB) • Natural Resources Management Council (NRMC)

7. South Australian Departments/agencies with some interest in Heritage Concerns • DEWNR and the South Australian Heritage Council are responsible for protecting and conserving non-Aboriginal cultural heritage of state significance, with a focus on built and maritime heritage under: • Heritage Places Act 1993;  • Historic Shipwrecks Act 1981 (state);  • Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976 (Commonwealth). • Aboriginal Affairs and Reconciliation Division of the Department of Premier and Cabinet manages Aboriginal heritage under: • Aboriginal Heritage Act 1988.

8. Departments that Administer Environmental Legislation in Other States • NSW Department of Natural Resources • NSW Department of Primary Industries • VIC Department of Environment and Primary Industries • WA Department of Environment and Conservation • QLD Department of Environment and Heritage Protection • QLD Department of Natural Resources and Mines • QLD Department of Energy and Water Supply • Most States also have Environment Protection Authorities/Agencies Note: This is not a complete listing of relevant Departments

9. Legislation • All Legislation at State or Federal Level can be accessed from the Australasian Legal Information Institute - AUSTLii site. • http://www.austlii.edu.au/ • South Australian Legislation can be accessed at the Government of South Australia Attorney-General’s Department. • http://www.legislation.sa.gov.au/index.aspx

10. General Environmental Duty • YOU have a duty of care to the environment – this regulatory instrument is found in a range of State and Federal legislation: • Do NO harm where possible • MINIMISE harm where unavoidable • NOTIFY of concerns on “common sense” matters.

11. Oh My God! Are we there yet? Sigh!

12. What would you report to your field supervisor on matters of environment and heritage?

13. What would you report to your field supervisor on matters of environment and heritage?

14. What would you report to your field supervisor on matters of environment and heritage?

15. What would you report to your field supervisor on matters of environment and heritage?

16. What would you report to your field supervisor on matters of environment and heritage?

17. What would you report to your field supervisor on matters of environment and heritage?

18. What would you report to your field supervisor on matters of environment and heritage?

19. Natural Resources Management Typical division of responsibilities for natural resource management in Australia Levels of responsibility- Not relevant* Low** Medium*** High

20. Natural Resources Management • NRM timeline and institutional responsibilities in relation to the South Australian context.

21. Sorry, did I snore too loudly!?

22. Selected Water Resources of Significance, Eastern Australia, where mining occurs • Great Artesian Basin 1 700 000 Km2 Largest and deepest in the world, underlies 23% of Australia.Surat Basin and Bowen Basin are Sub-Basins of the GAB and often referred to in relation to CSG mining. • Lake Eyre Basin 1 200 000 Km2 One of the largest inland draining basins in the world, covers 16% of Australia. • Murray Darling Basin 1 061 469 Km2 . Of the approximately 13,000 gigalitres of flow in the basin, 11,500 gigalitres are removed for irrigation, industrial use, and domestic supply. Agricultural irrigation accounts for about 95% of this. Covers about 14% of Australia.

23. Murray Darling Basin

24. Lake Eyre Basin

25. Great Artesian Basin

26. Great Artesian Basin Profile

27. So, Groundwater Stuff, What does it all mean? …and, what’s it got to do with mining? • Artesian, Confined, under pressure • Sub-Artesian, under pressure but land surface is higher than pressure head to which water can be raised. • Non-Artesian, Unconfined, not under pressure • Aquifer, Groundwater resource • Aquitard, Confining Layer for an aquifer

28. Artesian Aquifers and Basins

29. Surat and Bowen Basins

30. CSG Wells in the Surat and Bowen Basins in Relation to QLD Town Localities

31. Liverpool Plains

32. The Extent of Environmental Issues • Climate change — Global warming, Fossil fuels , Sea level rise, Greenhouse gas, Ocean acidification, Environmental impact of the coal industry • Urban Heat Islands. • Conservation— Species extinction, Pollinator decline, Coral bleaching, Holocene extinction, Invasive species, Poaching, Endangered species. • Energy— Energy conservation, Renewable energy, Efficient energy use, Renewable energy commercialization, Environmental impact of the coal industry, Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing. • Environmental degradation— Eutrophication, Habitat destruction, Invasive species, Soda lake. • Environmental health— Air quality, Asthma, Environmental impact of the coal industry, Electromagnetic fields, Electromagnetic radiation and health, Indoor air quality, Lead poisoning, Sick Building Syndrome, Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing • Genetic engineering— Genetic pollution, Genetically modified food controversies

33. The Extent of Environmental Issues • Intensive farming— Overgrazing, Irrigation, Monoculture, Environmental effects of meat production, Slash and burn, Pesticide drift, Plasticulture • Land degradation — Land pollution, Desertification • Soil— Soil conservation, Soil erosion, Soil contamination, Soil salination, Alkali soils • Land use— Urban sprawl, Habitat fragmentation, Habitat destruction • Nanotechnology— Nanotoxicology, Nanopollution • Nuclear issues— Nuclear fallout, Nuclear meltdown, Nuclear power, Nuclear weapons , Nuclear and radiation accidents, Nuclear safety , High-level radioactive waste management • Overpopulation— Burial, Water crisis, Overpopulation in companion animals, Tragedy of the commons, Gender Imbalance in Developing Countries , Sub-replacement fertility levels in developed countries

34. The Extent of Environmental Issues • Ozone depletion— CFC , Biological effects of UV exposure • Pollution — Environmental impact of the coal industry , Nonpoint source pollution , Point source pollution , Light pollution, Noise pollution , Visual pollution • Water pollution— Environmental impact of the coal industry , Acid rain, Eutrophication, Marine pollution, Ocean dumping , Oil spills , Thermal pollution , Urban runoff, Water crisis, Marine debris, Microplastics, Ocean acidification , Ship pollution, Wastewater, Fish kill, Algal bloom, Mercury in fish, Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing • Air pollution— Environmental impact of the coal industry, Smog, Tropospheric ozone, Indoor air quality, Volatile organic compound, Atmospheric particulate matter, Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing • Reservoirs— Environmental impacts of reservoirs • Resource depletion— Exploitation of natural resources, Overdrafting

35. The Extent of Environmental Issues • Consumerism— Consumer capitalism, Planned obsolescence , Over-consumption • Fishing— Blast fishing, Bottom trawling, Cyanide fishing, Ghost nets, Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, Overfishing, Shark finning, Whaling • Logging— Clearcutting, Deforestation, Illegal logging • Mining— Acid mine drainage, Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing, Mountaintop removal mining, Slurry impoundments • Toxins— Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), DDT, Endocrine disruptors, Dioxin, Toxic heavy metals, Environmental impact of the coal industry, Herbicides, Pesticides, Toxic waste, PCB, Bioaccumulation, Biomagnification, Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing • Waste— Electronic waste, Litter, Waste disposal incidents, Marine debris, Medical waste, Landfill, Leachate, Environmental impact of the coal industry, Incineration, Great Pacific Garbage Patch, Exporting of hazardous waste, Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing

36. I’m soooo pleased its all over!