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Commands

Commands. Ud. / Uds. Commands. To form a Ud. / Uds. command you have three steps . 1) Take the “yo” form of the present tense verb. 2) Drop the “o” 3) Add opposite endings. Ud. / Uds. Commands. 3) Add opposite endings. Ud. Commands -ar verbs : Add -e -er/-ir verbs: Add –a

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Commands

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  1. Commands

  2. Ud. / Uds. Commands • To form a Ud. / Uds. command you have three steps. • 1) Take the “yo” form of the present tense verb. • 2) Drop the “o” • 3) Add opposite endings.

  3. Ud. / Uds. Commands 3) Add opposite endings. • Ud. Commands • -ar verbs : Add -e • -er/-ir verbs: Add –a • Uds. Commands • ar verbs : Add -en • -er/-ir verbs: Add –an

  4. Ud. / Uds. Commands • Good news! You follow these rules for both positive and negative Ud. & Uds. commands. • You would use an Ud. command when talking to a teacher, stranger, etc. • You would use an Uds. commands when talking to more than one person.

  5. Ud. Uds Commands • There are 3 spelling changes that occur before adding the opposite ending. • -gar verbs, change ggu • jugar: ¡ (No) juegue(n)! • -car verbs, change cqu • tocar: ¡ (No) toque(n)! • -zar verbs, change zc • cruzar: ¡ (No) cruce(n)!

  6. Ud.Uds Commands • There are 5 verbs that have irregular command forms. (positive & negative) • ir – ¡ (No) vaya(n)! • ser – ¡ (No) sea(n)! • estar – ¡ (No) esté(n)! • dar – ¡ (No) dé / den ! • saber – ¡ No sepa(n) !

  7. + Ud.Uds. Commands • Pronouns are attached to positive Ud.Uds. commands. • Watch out for accents! • Do it! (la tarea) ¡Hágala! ¡Háganla! • Buy them! (los zapatos) ¡Cómprelos! ¡Cómprenlos! • Get up! (levantarse) ¡Levántese! ¡Levántense! • Tell me! ¡Dígame! ¡Díganme!

  8. - Ud./Uds. Commands • Pronouns always come before negative Ud.Uds commands. • Don’t do it! (la tarea) • ¡No la haga(n)! • Don’t buy them! (los zapatos)¡No los compre(n)! • Don’t get up! (levantarse) ¡No se levante(n)! • Don’t tell me! • ¡No me diga(n)!

  9. Irregular “yo” forms • “-go” verbs • tener  tengo • hacer  hago • salir  salgo • decir  digo • venir  vengo • poner  pongo • caer  caigo • traer  traigo • oír  oigo

  10. Irregular “yo” forms • Verbs that end in “-cer/”-cir” • Add a “z” in the “yo” form • conocer  conozco • pertenecer  pertenezco • conducir  conduzco • traducir traduzco • reducir  reduzco

  11. Irregular “yo” forms • Verbs that end in “-ger/”-gir” • gj in the “yo” form only • recoger  recojo • escoger  escojo • dirigir  dirijo

  12. Irregular “yo” forms • End in “-uer/”-uir” • Add a “y” • influir  influyo • construir  construyo • destruir destruyo

  13. Stem Changing Verbs • e ie “-ar” verbs • empezar • comenzar • pensar • sentarse • cerrar • despertarse

  14. Stem Changing Verbs • e ie “-er” verbs • querer • perder • entender • encender

  15. Stem Changing Verbs • e ie “-ir” verbs • divertirse • hervir • sentirse • preferir • mentir • sugerir

  16. Stem Changing Verbs • o ue “-ar” verbs • almorzar • acostarse • jugar

  17. Stem Changing Verbs • o ue “-er” verbs • poder • promover • volver • o ue “-ir” verbs • dormir • morir

  18. Stem Changing Verbs • e i “-ir” verbs only • vestirse • servir • pedir • seguir • conseguir • repetir • reír • freír

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