11.1 Nationalism & Sectionalism

1. 11.1 Nationalism & Sectionalism Main Idea Patriotic pride united the states, but the tension between the North and South emerge. Why It Matters Now Tensions led to the Civil War, and regional differences can still be found in the United States today.

2. Standards • 8.4.3 Analyze the rise of capitalism and the economic problems and conflicts that accompanied it. (e.g., Jackson’s opposition to the National Bank; early decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court that reinforced the sanctity of contracts and a capitalist economic system of law). • 8.6.2 Outline the physical obstacles to and the economic and political factors involved in building a network of roads, canals, and railroads (e.g., Henry Clay’s American System).

3. Guided Questions • Describe Henry Clay’s American System and how he thought it would benefit the economy. • Describe the three Supreme Court decisions that strengthened the federal government and supported economic growth. • What was the main message of the Monroe Doctrine and toward whom was it directed?

4. Quick Write • “In which ways did the United States change after the War of 1812?”

5. Vocabulary (11.1 L-R) • Nationalism • Sectionalism • Charter • Dumping • American System • Infrastructure • Contract • Capitalism • Interstate commerce • Cede • Monroe Doctrine • Self-Government

6. Main Ideas • Read pages 214-222. • Write down the Main Ideas.

7. Building a National Identity • The period of national unity following the War of 1812 is known as the “Era of Good Feelings”. • Period of economic growth.

8. Madison’s Economic Plan • Unite the country for a stronger economy. • Economically self-sufficient -transportation system. -protective tariff. -revive national bank.

9. Second National Bank • 1816, 2nd B.U.S. chartered for 20 years. -lent money -controlled money supply, state banks issued too much. • James Monroe elected president, begins “Era of Good Feelings”

10. Tariff of 1816 • Tax on imports. -Foreign goods cost more. -British were dumping goods (selling cheap products). -Buy American. -Help pay for improvements.

11. Henry Clay’s American System • Support the National Bank (2nd Bank of the United States). • Protective Tariff (Tariff of 1816). • Improve Infrastructure (transportation system).

12. Henry Clay’s American System • North produces manufactured goods. • South and West produces food, cotton. • National currency, transportation facilitates trade. • All regions sustain the others making the U.S. economically independent.

13. Erie Canal • Links Lake Erie to the Hudson River. -Great Lakes to the Atlantic. • Other states build 3,000 miles of canals by 1837.

14. National Road • 1838, extends from MD to IL. • Railroads not in common use. • Turnpikes, toll roads, and highways.

15. 1. Describe Henry Clay’s American System and how he thought it would benefit the economy. -What did the Second National Bank do? -How does a protective tariff on imported goods help the American economy? -How does infrastructure assist the American economy? Answers from pg. 214-217.

16. Important Supreme Court Rulings • McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819: state try to tax National Bank. -States cannot overturn laws passed by Congress or pass laws that violate federal laws.

17. Cont. • Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824: State of New York granted steamship co. monopoly on the use of Hudson River. • Fed. Gov. controls interstate commerce.

18. Limiting State Control • Court blocks states interference in business, commerce. • Fletcher v. Peck: voids Georgia law violating right to make contract. • Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 1819: state cannot interfere with contracts, which are protected by the Constitution.

19. 2. Describe the three Supreme Court decisions that strengthened the federal government and supported economic growth. -Which one dealt with the importance of contracts? -Which one said that the states couldn’t violate federal law? -Which one said that only the federal government can regulate instate trade? Answers from pg. 217-218.

20. Dealing With Other Nations • National interest come before region, foreign concerns. • John Quincy Adams makes treaties with Britain. -Great Lakes. -borders. -territories. • Adams-Onis Treaty -Spain ceded (gives up) Florida and Oregon.

22. Spanish Colonies Win Independence • Mexico. -1810, Father Miguel Hidalgo. -1821, Independence agreed. -1823, Truly independent. • Central and South America. -Simon Bolivar, the Liberator. • By 1825, most of Latin America.

23. Monroe Doctrine, 1823 • Spain, Portugal want to claim old colonies; Russia has trading posts in CA. • U.S.A warns Europe not to interfere in Americas. -“dangerous to our peace and safety”. -USA wants to trade with L. Amer. -U.S. won’t interfere in Europe.

25. 3. What was the main message of the Monroe Doctrine and toward whom was it directed? -What happen to the European colonies in Latin America? -What reasons does the USA have for keeping European powers out of L. Amer.? Answers pg. 219-221.