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The Cold War 1945-1991

The Cold War 1945-1991. Indirect conflict after WW2 Division of Germany and Berlin Constant threat of nuclear war Covert Conflicts, Coup d’etats , and Espionage Race to gain allies Race to space. United States Capitalist- private ownership, individuals own businesses Democracy

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The Cold War 1945-1991

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  1. The Cold War1945-1991 • Indirect conflict after WW2 • Division of Germany and Berlin • Constant threat of nuclear war • Covert Conflicts, Coup d’etats, and Espionage • Race to gain allies • Race to space

  2. United States Capitalist- private ownership, individuals own businesses Democracy Individualism Allies: Western Europe and any other capitalist countries Soviet Union (USSR) Communist- government controls economy Totalitarian Dictatorship Collective good of the country Allies: Eastern Europe, China, Cuba, and parts of Asia Clash of Viewpoints

  3. 1950s • Red Scare in U.S. • Korean War – United States tried to stop communism in Korea • CIA vs. KGB • McCarthyism

  4. Images of 1950s

  5. Education in the 1950s-60s • Sputnik creates a massive scare • U.S. falls behind Soviets in Math and Science • Government increases spending on education • Scholarship opportunities increase

  6. 1960s • Cuban Missile Crisis-U.S. on brink of nuclear war with USSR • Space Race • Vietnam War- U.S. tried to stop communism from spreading in Vietnam

  7. 1970s • Mutually Assured Destruction • United States opens trade in China • Vietnam fell to communists • Treaties reduce nuclear weapons

  8. Collapse of Communism- Eastern Europe and Soviet Union 1980s • Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Communist economies struggled • Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan failed • Numerous protests • Eastern Europe pushes for independence • 1989 Fall of Berlin Wall

  9. Communism Falls in Eastern Europe • East and West Germany reunite • Hungary and Poland become independent as result of Solidarity Movement • Czechoslovakia splits into Czech Republic and Slovakia • Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania move towards democracy • Yugoslavia splits into 6 countries- Civil War and Ethnic Cleansing

  10. 1980s China • Deng Xiaoping • 4 Modernizations- Agriculture, Military, Industry, and Technology • Economic Improvements • But no political freedom- still communist

  11. Tiananmen Square Protest • June 5th 1989 • Student Protests • Wanted Political Freedom • Government responds harshly- communism does not end • “Deng’s Deal with the people”

  12. 1990s • Gorbachev’s reforms - Glasnost and Perestroika • August Coup Fails • Soviet Union Collapses- communism ends • Yeltsin elected president

  13. Map of Soviet Union Collapse

  14. Cold War Ends

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