Sustainability Overview Laura McCann, on behalf of Alison Goss Eng

1. Sustainability OverviewLaura McCann, on behalf of Alison Goss Eng U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biomass Program February 23, 2010

2. A Sustainable Biofuels Industry Social Promote social goals, rural development, and workforce training; Reduce oil imports Equitable Habitable SUSTAINABLE Economic Lower costs and enhance economic opportunities for all stakeholders along the supply chain; improve fuel properties Environmental Reduce negative environmental impacts and promote benefits (greenhouse gases, biodiversity, fertilizer runoff, land use change) Feasible

3. Our Commitment to Sustainability The U.S. DOE Biomass Program is committed to developing the resources, technologies, and systems needed for biofuels to grow in a way that enhances the health of our environment and protects our planet. To that end, we are working to… • Develop diverse, non-food feedstocks thatrequire little water, fertilizer, or new land • Foster sustainable forestry practices • Harvest biomass components selectively,leaving adequate soil nutrients • Assess life-cycle impacts of major scale-up in biofuels production, from feedstocksto vehicles, addressing: • land use and soil health • water use • air quality issues • impacts on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions

4. Emphasis on Sustainability Sustainability Program Purpose:To understand and address the potential environmental impacts of biofuels production activities—encouraging the benefits while mitigating any concerns Water International Efforts Land Use Feedstocks • Through a partnership with Sun Grant Initiative, use field trials to collect data on sustainability • Work with Council for Sustainable Biomass Production to develop criteria • Quantify future land use impacts for various scenarios using Purdue’s GTAP, ANL’s GREET models • Incorporate land use data and yield assumptions • Conduct LCA of water use in production • Analyze regional variations due to climate & soil • Evaluate mitigation potential of bioenergy crops • Work with Conservation International to identify land and preserve best production locations • Provide data and analysis to Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels, Global Bioenergy Partnership, others • Contribute to International Biofuels Forum • Leveraging--Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center • Biogeochemical, biodiversity, and socioeconomic responses to expansion and intensification of agriculture and silvicultural practices • Spatially explicit land use change forecast on crop area changes • Climate Change • GREET Model development • EISA Lifecycle Analysis – Monitoring and improving carbon footprint of bioenergy 4

5. Univ of MN/ARS Rochester, MN SD State Univ Bristol, SD IA State Univ/ARS Ames, IA Univ of IL Champaign, IL TX A&M Univ College Station, TX CRP Energycane Switchgrass Miscanthus Sorghum Corn Stover Regional Feedstock Partnership Sustainability Trials • 5 sites were selected for additional sustainability measurements and additional funding was provided • 3 additional USDA ARS GRACEnet sites are collaborating (Morris, MN; Mead, NE; and University Park, PA) • Sustainability data being collected includes: • Soil Carbon (all stover sites) • Sequestration potential • Impact on productive capacity • Hydrology and Water Quality • Field scale implementation • Nutrient transport • Water holding capacity • Direct Green House Gas Emissions • N2O flux • CO2 flux