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Contemporary Adolescence. Chapter 10: Adolescent society, culture and subculture. Adolescents would rather talk to:. Family and friends. Adolescents generally select friends with similar values Depend more on friends than family
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Contemporary Adolescence Chapter 10: Adolescent society, culture and subculture
Family and friends • Adolescents generally select friends with similar values • Depend more on friends than family • Often feel that friends understand them better than their family • Friends feelings often mirror each other • Friends can also be a source of anger, frustration, sadness, and anxiety
Peer pressure • Rises in early adolescence, peaks in mid-adolescence, and decreases in late adolescence • Risk behaviors • Correlation between friends and risk behaviors • Selective association • Adolescents are similar in risk behaviors before they become friends • Peer pressure can also steer adolescents away from risk behaviors
Peer pressure • Support and nurturance • Informational: • Instrumental: • Companionship: • Esteem:
Adolescent societies • Formal societies • Which school they attend, student organizations • Informal societies • Get together socially, but don’t participate in a formally structured social relationship • Division by grade • Social class and status
Cliques and crowds • Cliques: small group of friends who spend a considerable amount of time together • Crowd: groups of cliques that get together
Cliques • Sarcasm and ridicule seem to play a role in cliques • Sarcasm within the clique • Sarcasm directed outside the clique • Relational aggression • Includes gossiping, spreading rumors, and excluding others • Tends to be more common with girls
Development of crowds Trendies Trendies Headbangers Normals Grit-headbangers Dweebs Punks Grits Grades 6-8 Head-bangers Grades 9-10 Trendies *Crowds define social status less around grade 11 *Self identification plays a role in viewing crowds *There is also a difference between peers assigning a group and self assigning Normals Grits 1994 Hippies Skaters Punks
Popularity and unpopularity • Social skills • Rejected adolescents • Neglected adolescents • Popular children tend to be popular as adolescents
Interventions for nonPopularity Neglectedadolescents • Teach social skills: • How to enter group • How to listen • How to attract + attention Rejected adolescents • Stop, calm down, think • Say or write feelings • Set +goal for outcome • Think of how to get to outcome • Anticipate consequences • Choose best solution
Bullying • Aggression • Repetition • Power imbalance
Youth subcultures • Skateboarders • Work under an negative image, although that is not always true • Early on adopted a punk look and listened to punk music, but that’s changed somewhat • Baggy jeans, oversized shirts, but a newer style (“hesh”) has tighter clothing • Work hard to improve their performance
Youth Subcultures • Hip-Hop • Listening and dancing to rap music • Dancing began with breakdancing • Wear baggy, overzied clothing
Youth subcultures • Goth • Tend to wear black • Favor pale complexions, black nail polish and lipstick • Interested in questions about good and evil • Some fascinated by macabre and funereal. • Most goths are not violent
Youth subcultures • Indie • Skinny jeans, v-neck t-shirts for boys, oversized shirts for girls • Long, messy hair • Listen to indie music
Youth subcultures • Emo • Represents sadness, guild, despair • Heavy makeup and sporty clothing • Hair is black, short, unisex, and covers half the face • Variety of piercings • May be “cutters” or attempt suicide
Material concerns of adolescents • Clothing • Automobiles • Cell phones • Computers and internet
Non-materials concerns • Slang • Music • Entertainment