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Carbon chemistry

Carbon chemistry. Forms of pure carbon Diamond – forms deep in the earth under high temperatures and high pressure. Hardest substance, and unreactive. Graphite- very soft bonded strongly in flat layers. Layers are weak so they easily to slip past each other. Used as gems and cutting tools.

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Carbon chemistry

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  1. Carbon chemistry Forms of pure carbon Diamond – forms deep in the earth under high temperatures and high pressure. Hardest substance, and unreactive. Graphite- very soft bonded strongly in flat layers. Layers are weak so they easily to slip past each other. Used as gems and cutting tools. Fullerene- ring shaped bonds that form a ball.

  2. Carbon Compounds • Organic Compound- a compound that contains carbon, Organic mean living thing. • Properties of organic compounds include; low melting and low boiling points, strong odors, liquids or gases at room temperature, do not conduct electric current and do not dissolve in water.

  3. Hydro carbons • Hydro carbon- a compound that contains hydrogen and carbon. • Chains can be straight, branched, or ring shaped. • Properties include- flammable, release a large amount of energy, and do not mix well with water.

  4. Formulas of Hydro Carbons • Molecular formula- chemical symbols of the elements in each molecule of a compound. • Example- CH4 • Subscript- the number below and to the right of any elements symbol. See example above.

  5. Structural Formula • Shows the kind, number, and arrangement of atoms in a molecule. • Isomers- compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structure.

  6. Double bonds and triple bonds • A double bond is when two carbons are combined with two dashes. • A triple bond is when two carbons are connected by three dashes. • Each dash indicates a bond between the two carbons. • Saturated hydrocarbons- are carbons that are filled with hydrogen bonds. • Unsaturated hydrocarbons- are carbons that have open bonds. These bonds indicated double and triple bonds with the carbons.

  7. Substituted Hydrocarbons • A substituted hydrocarbon is a compound where other elements replace one or more hydrogens. • Substituted hydrocarbons include halogens, alcohols, and organic acids. • Hydroxyl group- where a hydrogen atom is replaced by an alcohol, or OH. • Carboxyl group- where a hydrogen is replaced by an organic acid, or COOH. • Ester- where an alcohol and organic acid are chemically combined.

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