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The Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation. The Reformation. Up to the 16th century the Catholic Church was the only recognized Christian church in Europe Renaissance ideas and emphasis on secular challenged the church’s political power The Criticisms of the Catholic Church Church leaders were corrupt

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The Protestant Reformation

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  1. The Protestant Reformation

  2. The Reformation • Up to the 16th century the Catholic Church was the only recognized Christian church in Europe • Renaissance ideas and emphasis on secular challenged the church’s political power • The Criticisms of the Catholic Church • Church leaders were corrupt • Popes patronized the arts • Priests were worldly • People had to pay taxes to the church

  3. Martin Luther • German monk who took action against the church • Criticized the church for selling indulgences • Wrote 95 theses • Protested other Catholic teachings contrary to the Bible • His followers were called Lutherans • Church teachings should be based on the Bible

  4. Martin Luther’s Criticisms of the Church • People did not need the Priests to interpret the Bible for them • The pope and the • Church’s traditions • were false • Luther’s actions • began the • Reformation

  5. What was the Reformation? • A movement that led to reforms in the Catholic church and the founding of Christian churches. John Calvin • He influenced the spread of Protestantism in Switzerland. • His doctrine was called Predestination; God chooses very few people to save • Believed that ideal government was a theocracy; government controlled by religious leaders • The religion based on his teaching is called Calvinism

  6. English Reformation • King Henry VIII of England wanted a male heir • The Pope refused his request for a divorce • He divorced his wife and remarries; had 5 wives • Henry’s many marriages led to conflict with the church • Parliament ended the pope’s power in England • Henry establishes himself as head of the Church of England

  7. The Counter or Catholic Reformation • An attempt to reform the Catholic Church and reject the Protestant Reformation • Ignatius Loyola founded a religious order called the Jesuits • Jesuits founded schools and universities including Georgetown University, University of Chicago and Boston College • Jesuits became missionaries and converted non Christians

  8. Council Of Trent • Church Leaders met over an eighteen year period • An attempt to strengthen the Catholic Church • Agreed that the Church’s interpretation of the Bible was final • Christians needed good works and faith for salvation • The Bible and Church traditions guided Christians’ lives

  9. Summary • 1 . What was the Protestant Reformation and what inspired it? 2. Who was John Calvin and what was the name of the religion based on his teachings? 3. Who declared himself head of the Church of England? 4. Who wrote the 95 Theses? 5. Who were the Jesuits? 6. Name two decisions that were made at The Council of Trent 7. What was the Catholic Reformation?

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