Abolitionism and Sectionalism

1. Abolitionism and Sectionalism The Road to the Civil War Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

2. Abolitionist • Abolitionist believed slavery should be abolished. • Most abolitionist lived in the north; however, there were abolitionist that lived in the south as well. • Many escaped slaves moved north and became abolitionist. • They gave speeches and published books and pamphlets denouncing slavery. • The movement to end slavery was called abolitionism, it gained momentum around 1820. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

3. Frederick Douglas • Frederick Douglass was one of the foremost leaders of the abolitionist movement. • Although born a slave he became recognized as one of America's first great black speakers. • He won world fame when his autobiography was publicized in 1845. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

4. David Walker • Was born the son of a free mother and enslaved father in Wilmington, NC. • Moved to Boston and became active in the abolitionist movement. • Published a pamphlet that showed the cruelty of slavery. • Walkers book was banned in the south. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

5. Slave Codes • As a result of Walker’s book southern states enacted slave codes. • Slaves codes were strict laws that forbade educating slaves and kept them from leaving the plantation without the owner’s permission. • Slave codes upset many slaves and abolitionists. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

6. Nat Turner • Was slave and a preacher in Southampton County Virginia, that believed God sent him a message to free the slaves. • This was to be a massive uprising but in August 1831 he gathered only about 75 slaves for the rebellion. • The rebellion killed about 50 whites, including a child. • Nat Turner was hanged in November, 1831. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

7. Nat Turner Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

8. Harriet Tubman • Born a slave she was brutally abused by her master. • She escaped north along the underground railroad. • She returned some 19 odd times and helped hundreds of slaves escaped to freedom using the underground railroad. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

9. Underground Railroad • Abolitionist formed a loose network of people that would protect escaped slaves as they traveled from the south into the freedom of the Northern regions and Canada. • Escaped slaves would travel on foot, by boat, horseback, or wagon led by people called conductors. • Participants/Conductors in the railroad used signals such as handshakes, and lanterns in the window to let slaves know they kept a safe house. • Slaves also used songs and quilts to communicate when and where to escape safely. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

10. President James K. Polk (1845-1849) • Born in Mecklenburg County North Carolina. • Actively pursued westward expansion and manifest destiny. • Under his presidency the territories of Oregon, California, and Texas were added to the union. • These new territories raised the question of whether slavery should be allowed in the new territory. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

11. Harriet Beecher Stowe • Harriet Beecher Stowe cared deeply about human rights. Her family was active in the Underground Railroad. • Stowe decided to write a fictional story about slavery and sent it to the editor of an anti-slavery weekly. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

12. Uncle Tom’s Cabin • People started to discuss Uncle Tom's Cabin and pass around the story. • Three hundred thousand copies were sold the first year, and a half-million copies by 1857. Before long it seemed that everyone had read it, including the president of the United States! • The book divided people into those who wished to abolish slavery (abolitionists) and those who wished to maintain slavery (anti-abolitionists), it is often listed as one of the causes of the Civil War. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

13. John Brown • John Brown was a preacher from Ohio. • He was passionate about freeing slaves. • He had a plan to arm slaves to fight for their freedom. • On October 16, 1859, he led 21 men on a raid of the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

14. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

15. North vs. South (Sectionalism) • The economy of the North along with the abolitionist movement in the north led the South to believe the plantation system and their way of life was under attack. • The 1850’s became a turbulent times for America. The issue of slavery would eventually lead to war. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

16. Laws • As abolitionist worked to end slavery states in the south passed laws were intended to maintain the institution. • North Carolina was no exception, the North Carolina General Assembly passed laws that were meant to enforce slavery. Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC

17. Sources • http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/j/James_K._Polk.htm • http://www.frederickdouglass.org/ • http://www.africawithin.com/bios/walker_appeal.htm • http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/tubman/aa_tubman_subj.html • http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/reform/jb_reform_beecher_1_e.html • http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/johnbrown/brownhome.html Created by Denise Dooley-Albemarle Road Middle School, Charlotte, NC