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Aim: How did the Crusades change Europe?

Aim: How did the Crusades change Europe?. The Crusades: A series of holy wars that European Christians fought to try to regain control of the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims. . I. Pope Urban II calls the First Crusade in 1095. Many Christians in Europe wanted this Crusade: .

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Aim: How did the Crusades change Europe?

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  1. Aim: How did the Crusades change Europe? • The Crusades: • A series of holy wars that European Christians fought to try to regain control of the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims.

  2. I. Pope Urban II calls the First Crusade in 1095. Many Christians in Europe wanted this Crusade: • For knights, they saw a chance to benefit themselves in the Middle East. • For kings, it was the chance to send lords and knights off to fight. • The Pope promised ordinary people that if they fought, they would be forgiven for their sins. • Regular Europeans:

  3. II.The Crusades • First Crusade (1099): Christians retake Jerusalem, kill most of the people in the city who were Muslim or Jewish.Establish four kingdoms (Crusader states) in the Middle East. • Second Crusade (1149): Muslims retake the Crusader state of Edessa. Christians try to fight back but are defeated.

  4. Third Crusade (1192) • Muslim leader Saladin re-conquers Jerusalem from the Christians. • Three great European kings lead a Crusade to get Jerusalem back: Frederick Barbarossa (Germany), Richard I (England) and Philip Augustus (France) • The kings are defeated by Saladin. Muslims stay in control of Jerusalem.

  5. Fourth Crusade (1204): Christians set out to retake the Holy Land, but end up in Constantinople instead. Decide to loot and destroy the city. Byzantine Empire never recovers. • End result: Christians win the first Crusade, Muslims win the next three.The Holy Land (Jerusalem) stays under the control of the Muslims

  6. III. Effects of the Crusades • Byzantine Empire is weakened and soon collapses. • Feudalism is weakened because while feudal lords and their knights are fighting in the Holy Land, kings back in Europe increase their power

  7. European Christians interact with Muslims and Byzantines, who were much more educated than they were. Makes Europeans more interested in learning again.

  8. After the Crusades, many European merchants stay behind in the Middle East and trade with the Muslims (Muslims had goods like spices, rugs and richly woven cloth). This leads to a revival of trade and the rebirth of towns.

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