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Non-communicable Disease Cardiovascular Diseases

Non-communicable Disease Cardiovascular Diseases. How can you prevent cardiovascular disease?. A disease that is not transmitted by another person, vector, or the environment Habits and behaviors can increase or decrease risk. Cardiovascular Disease . Cardiovascular system

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Non-communicable Disease Cardiovascular Diseases

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  1. Non-communicable DiseaseCardiovascular Diseases How can you prevent cardiovascular disease?

  2. A disease that is not transmitted by another person, vector, or the environment • Habits and behaviors can increase or decrease risk

  3. Cardiovascular Disease • Cardiovascular system Transports blood to all parts of body • Blood carries oxygen and nutrients- without receiving these cells in your body would die

  4. Cardiovascular disease- Disease that affects the heart or blood vessels • Can interfere with pumping of heart or movement of blood through the vessels • Silent killer no symptoms in early stages

  5. http://video.about.com/heartdisease/Heart-Attack.htm

  6. CVD- responsible for 40% of all deaths in the US • You can reduce your risk by • Avoiding tobacco • Physical activity • Maintaining healthy weight • Avoiding high fat foods

  7. Hypertension • Blood pressure The force of blood created by the heart’s contractions and the resistance of the vessel walls • Hypertension • high blood pressure (BP) • BP is continually above the normal range for a particular person • Heart, blood vessels, and other organs can be damaged if HTN continues

  8. Have BP check regularly • Treated with medication, weight management, physical activity, and proper nutrition

  9. Atherosclerosis • Healthy lining of blood vessel= smooth and elastic • Fatty substance in blood can build up on artery walls causing them to thicken and lose elasticity • Def: The process in which plaques accumulate on artery walls • Due to eating foods with high saturated fat and cholesterol • Smoke and HTN contribute

  10. A blood clot can form and grow in an area of plaque an may cause heart attack or stroke

  11. Diseases of the Heart Angina Pectoris • Chest Pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen • Sign that heart is temporarily not getting enough oxygen Arrhythmias • Irregular heart beats • Most are common

  12. (Arrhythmias cont.) • Some types can be serious • Ventricular fibrillation- electrical impulses become rapid • Commonly followed by sudden cardiac arrest, heart stops beating, death can follow in minutes

  13. Heart Attack • Damage to the heat muscle caused by blocked blood supply • Most are sudden with intense chest pain • Start slow with mild pain or discomfort which is mistaken for indigestion. • Ventricular fibrillation can follow • Immediate response to warning signs can save a life

  14. Congestive Heart Failure • The heart gradually becomes weaker to the point that it cannot maintain its regular pumping rate and force • Can be a result of high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, a heart valve defect, illegal drug use, or other factors • Can be managed with medications, good nutrition, and physical activity

  15. http://video.about.com/heartdisease/Congestive-Heart-Failure.htmhttp://video.about.com/heartdisease/Congestive-Heart-Failure.htm

  16. Stroke • Occurs when blockage prevents blood flow to the brain • Effects different parts of the body depending on the part of the brain that is deprived of oxygen • Also occurs from a cerebral hemorrhage- blood vessel in the brain bursts causing blood to spread into surrounding brain tissue

  17. Diagnostic Tools EKG • Graph of electrical activity of heart MRI • Magnetic resonance imaging • Produces images of internal body organs • Can identify heart damage

  18. Treatment Options Coronary Bypass • A healthy vain is removed from leg or chest to create a detour around a blocked artery Angioplasty • A tube with a balloon is inserted into a blocked artery • Balloon is inflated, deflated, then removed • Structure may remain to keep artery open

  19. Medications • Variety of medicines are available • Diuretics- lowers fluid balance • Cholesterol lowering drugs • Drugs to slow clotting

  20. http://video.nytimes.com/video/2007/04/05/health/1194817111443/heart-disease-the-no-1-killer.htmlhttp://video.nytimes.com/video/2007/04/05/health/1194817111443/heart-disease-the-no-1-killer.html

  21. Pacemaker • Used to treat irregular heart beat • Sends steady electrical impulse to trigger regular heart beat

  22. Why Teens Are at Risk • CVD can start developing during childhood • The health behaviors you are practicing now are affecting your cardiovascular system

  23. Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases • The more risk factors you have the greater your chance • Tobacco use- includes second hand smoke • High blood pressure • High cholesterol • Physical inactivity • Excess weight • Stress • Drug and Alcohol Use

  24. Risk factors You Can’t Control • Heredity • Gender- men have a greater risk • Age- risk increases with age • Knowing risk factors can help you make healthy decisions to protect yourself

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