The Age of Jefferson

1. The Age of Jefferson The Jefferson Presidency Jefferson Attacked as an InfidelDuring the presidential campaign of 1800, the Federalists attacked Thomas Jefferson as an infidel, claiming that Jefferson's intoxication with the religious and political extremism of the French Revolution disqualified him from public office. In this cartoon, the eye of God has instigated the American eagle to snatch from Jefferson's hand the "Constitution & Independence" of the United States before he can cast it on an "Altar to Gallic Despotism," whose flames are being fed by the writings of Thomas Paine, Helvetius, Rousseau, and other freethinkers. The paper, "To Mazzei," dropping from Jefferson's right hand, was a 1796 letter that was interpreted by Jefferson's enemies as an indictment of the character of George Washington.

2. Revolution • The New President’s Personality • walked to inauguration • Public Education • Limited success

3. Revolution Cont’d • Cultural Independence • Noah Webster  •  Washington Irving – Stories about American life in New World • Religion • Skeptical Thinkers Thomas Jefferson Ben Franklin Thomas Paine

4. Revolution Cont’d • Religion Cont’d • Second Great Awakening • Improvements in Technology • Jefferson believed in agrarian society, but

5. Revolution Cont’d • Improvements in Technology Cont’d • Cotton Gin

6. Marbury vs. Madison 1803 • Reducing Federal Powers • Jefferson moved to repeal the Judiciary Act of 1801 / “midnight appointments” • Marbury was a midnight appointment who never got his letter and Madison, refused to send it

7. Marbury vs. Madison 1803 Cont’d • John Marshall was chief Justice • establishes president that Supreme Court can overturn an act of Congress

8. Louisiana Purchase • Napoleon Eyes America • French land was lost east of the Mississippi in 1763

9. Louisiana Purchase Cont’d • External Factors • Tousssaint L’Ouverture

10. Fake Smile Thomas Jefferson's plan in 1805 to build on the Louisiana Purchase by buying West Florida from Spain is lampooned in this cartoon. Induced by the sting of the hornet Napoleon, Jefferson vomits gold coins before a dancing Spanish representative holding maps of East and West Florida and carrying French Minister Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand's instructions in his pocket. West Florida was captured by the United States during the War of 1812, and East Florida was acquired by treaty in 1819 during James Monroe's administration

11. *Fake Smile* Louisiana Purchase Cont’d • Sold! • $15 million • Pleased and Embarrassed

12. Burr Conspiracy • Changing party • Burr almost cost Jefferson the Presidency in 1800 • Burr looses election, blames Hamilton

13. Burr Conspiracy Cont’d • Burr challenges Hamilton to a duel • Hamilton is mortally wounded and dies the next day

14. Burr Conspiracy Cont’d • Trial • Jefferson manages the gov’ts case from Washington • Symbolic • weak national gov’t in a growing empire

15. Caught up in it • Neutral rights • Napoleonic Wars between England and France • Impressment • British navy • Chesapeake-Leopard incident

16. Caught up in it Cont’d • Embargo • Jefferson-authored legislation passed by Congress • Trade Chess • Madison puts pressure on Britain and France to repeal laws by offering to assist the other if neither relent

17. The Age of Jefferson War of 1812

18. General Henry Harrison • committed advocate of Western expansion

19. General Henry Harrison Cont’d • Plan did not seem kind to Natives

20. Britain had long been allies with Native tribes • fur trade

21. Tenskwatawa Tecumseh and the Prophet (Tenskwatawa) • The Prophet

22. Tecumseh and the Prophet (Tenskawatawa) Cont’d • Tecumseh Tecumseh

23. Fever against Europe and Neighbors • From Spain • American Encroachment

24. Fever against Europe and Neighbors Cont’d • Rise of War Hawks

25. War • Napoleon • Early Battles w. Tribes

26. War Cont’d • Great Lakes successes • Creek Indians

27. *Fake Smile* War Cont’d • Andrew Jackson • Battle of Horseshoe Bend

28. War Cont’d • British Invasion • Central Coast • after surrender of Napoleon in 1814, England prepared to invade USA

29. War Cont’d • British Invasion Cont’d • North • South

30. The End of the Federalists • Anger towards early battle failures • Hartford, Connecticut • The “death blow”

31. The Peace Settlement • Ghent, Belgium • English and United States

32. The Peace Settlement Cont’d • Native Americans and The United States