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The Age of Jefferson, 1800-1816

The Age of Jefferson, 1800-1816. The Capitol Building c.1800. Jeffersonian Philosophy. Strict interpretation of Constitution=weak central gov’t Small gov’t and less taxes Agricultural society Sided with the French Presidency with no trappings. Louisiana Purchase.

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The Age of Jefferson, 1800-1816

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  1. The Age of Jefferson, 1800-1816

  2. The Capitol Building c.1800

  3. Jeffersonian Philosophy • Strict interpretation of Constitution=weak central gov’t • Small gov’t and less taxes • Agricultural society • Sided with the French • Presidency with no trappings

  4. Louisiana Purchase • France secretly acquired territory in 1800 • Napoleon willing to sell for war $ • Mission sent to buy N.O. • Bought the whole territory for $15 million • Purchasing land not mentioned in Constitution…

  5. The Louisiana Purchase

  6. Lewis and Clark lead the Corps of Discovery

  7. Into the Unknown…

  8. Vice President Aaron Burr • “Northern Confederacy” • Split from Rep. party • Rivalry leads to a duel between Burr and Hamilton • Hamilton killed, Burr in exile • Plotted to form his own empire in the LA territory

  9. The Duel

  10. John Marshall’s Court (1801-1835) • Sought to increase Court’s and fed. gov’t power • Federalist ideas • Marbury v. Madison • Judicial review • McCullough v. Maryland • Implied powers

  11. Supreme Court Chambers

  12. Neutral Rights, Impressment, Embargo • Jefferson cut the size of the military by more than half • French and British both threaten US ships on high seas • British impress American citizens (Chesapeake-Leonard Affair) • Jefferson decides to abandon all trade with the Embargo Act

  13. “John Bull Taking A Lunch”

  14. The Embargo Act 1807

  15. The Embargo Act 1807 • No foreign trade at all • Economic slump begins • Embargo-runners emerge • Liability for Rep. party

  16. James and Dolley Madison

  17. James Madison • Jefferson’s Secretary of State • Most intelligent of Founding Fathers • “Father of the Constitution” • Won 1808 and 1812 elections

  18. The War of 1812: Causes • US desired Spanish Florida (Spain and England allied) • British impressment • Secure a foreign market for US crops • “War Hawks” • Clay-Speaker of the House • Calhoun-leading Rep.

  19. Vision of the War Hawks

  20. Fighting Begins • Britain distracted by Napoleon until 1813 • Invasion of Canada fails • Harrison defeats Tecumseh • Jackson ravages Indians in Florida

  21. America Impression of British-Indian Alliance

  22. The Burning of Washington

  23. Hartford Convention • Opposition grows as war enters 1815 • Federalists in New England meet • Considered secession, listed grievances • Right of nullification stated • After New Orleans, convention looks absurd and the Federalists disappear

  24. Criticism of Hartford Convention

  25. Treaty of Ghent

  26. Treaty of Ghent 1814 • Signed before the Battle of New Orleans • Did NOT address impressment (the alleged cause of the war) • No real changes from 1812 • Simply stopped the fighting • Led to other treaties • Rush-Bagot disarmed the Great Lakes • Economic agreements

  27. Battle of New Orleans

  28. Battle of New Orleans • Made a hero of Andrew Jackson • Over 2,000 casualties for British, about 20 for US • Biggest highlight of the war

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