1 / 42

Functional Groups

Functional Groups. What is the family name?. H. H. H. C. C. H. H. H. alkanes. Only carbon and hydrogen All single bonds. Q : What should you call cyclic hydrocarbons made up o of just single bonds?. A : Cycloalkanes. H. H. C. C. H. H. alkenes.

robynb
Download Presentation

Functional Groups

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Functional Groups What is the family name?

  2. H H H C C H H H alkanes • Only carbon and hydrogen • All single bonds Q: What should you call cyclic hydrocarbons made up o of just single bonds? A: Cycloalkanes

  3. H H C C H H alkenes • Only carbon and hydrogen • A carbon to carbon double bond Q: What should you call a molecule with two C=Cs? A: A diene

  4. H H C O H H C H H alcohols • Only one oxygen • Has an O-H group • Can classify as 1º/2º/3º according to position of O-H group on carbon skeleton Q: Why are short-chain alcohols so soluble in water? A: They can form hydrogenbonds with H2O molecules

  5. O H phenols • Only one oxygen • Has an O-H group • The O-H group is directly attached to a benzene ring Q: The C6H5- group has a special name. What is it? A: Phenyl

  6. H O H C C H H aldehydes • Only one oxygen • Has a C=O group • C=O group is at the end of carbon chain, so is next door to a hydrogen atom Q: Aldehydes can be easily oxidised to form …? A: Carboxylic acids

  7. H O H H C C C H H H ketones • Only one oxygen • Has a C=O group • C=O group is not at the end of carbon chain, so is next door to 2carbons Q: Ketones cannot easily be oxidised. Why not? A: No hydrogen atom attached to the C=O group.

  8. H O H C C O H H A: CH3COOH(aq) CH3COO–(aq) + H+(aq) carboxylicacids • Has 2 oxygens • Has O-H and C=O groups on the same carbon atom • This -COOH group has to be at the end of a carbon chain (why?) Q: Write an equation showing how ethanoic acid can a act as a (weak) acid.

  9. H O H H C C O C H H H esters • Has 2 oxygens • One oxygen is part of a C=O bond, the other is nextdoor, sandwiched between two carbons Q: This ester can be made by reacting ethanoic acid with a an alcohol. Name the alcohol, and name the ester. A: Alcohol = methanol; ester = methylethanoate

  10. H H H H C C O C H H H H ethers • Has 1 oxygen • No O-H or C=O group • The oxygen is sandwiched between two carbon atoms Q: Why do ethers have much lower boiling points t than their isomeric alcohols? A: No hydrogen bonds between ether molecules (why?)

  11. Family names: cycloalkane alkene primary (1º) alcohol secondary (2º) alcohol tertiary (3º) alcohol phenol aldehyde ketone carboxylic acid ester ether … are you ready? “What family…?” quiz 5 … 4 … 3 … 2 … 1 … GO!

  12. H H C C H H What family does it belong to?(1)

  13. H O H C C H H What family does it belong to?(2)

  14. H H O H H C C C H H H H What family does it belong to? (3)

  15. H C O H H What family does it belong to?(4)

  16. H H H C O C H H H What family does it belong to?(5)

  17. H O H H C C O C H H H What family does it belong to?(6)

  18. H O H H C C C H H H What family does it belong to?(7)

  19. O H What family does it belong to?(8)

  20. H H O H C C C O H H H What family does it belong to?(9)

  21. H H C H H H C C O H H H C H H What family does it belong to? (10)

  22. H H C C H H H What family does it belong to? (11)

  23. H H C C H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (1) alkene

  24. H O H C C H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (2) aldehyde

  25. H H O H H C C C H H H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (3) secondary alcohol

  26. H C O H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (4) primary alcohol

  27. H H H C O C H H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (5) ether

  28. H O H H C C O C H H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (6) ester

  29. H O H H C C C H H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (7) ketone

  30. O H Answers: “What family?” quiz (8) phenol

  31. H H O H C C C O H H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (9) carboxylic acid

  32. H H C H H H C C O H H H C H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (10) tertiary alcohol

  33. Answers: “What family?” quiz (11) H H C C H H H cycloalkane

  34. “Spot the functional groups”quiz Functional groups: • alkene • primary (1º) alcohol • secondary (2º) alcohol • tertiary (3º) alcohol • phenol • arene (NEW!) • aldehyde • ketone • carboxylic acid • ester • ether … are you ready? 5 … 4 … 3 … 2 … 1 … GO!

  35. OH OH OH OH O O Spot both the functional groups (1) phenol carboxylic acid

  36. O O O O O O OH OH Spot all three functional groups (2) ester carboxylic acid arene

  37. OH O OH O O O Spot both the functional groups (3) phenol ester

  38. OH OH OH OH OH OH Spot both the functional groups (4) primary alcohols secondaryalcohol

  39. O O OH OH Spot all three functional groups (5) ketone tertiary alcohol alkene

  40. O H O H Spot all three functional groups (6) aldehyde alkene arene

  41. O O OCH3 OCH3 Spot all three functional groups (7) ketone arene ether

  42. Functional groups quiz:results Maximum score = 18 How did you do?

More Related