INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN: THE BASICS

1. MPT 1113: Foundation of Educational Technology INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN: THE BASICS JAMALLUDIN HARUN Department of Educational Multimedia Faculty of Education, UTM

2. INTRODUCTION Clarifying the terms: • Instructional Design (ID) • Instructional Systems Design (ISD) • Instructional Systems Design & Development (ISDD) • Systems Approach to Training (SAT) jharun@utm.my

3. 1 2 a set of events that facilitate learning a creative pattern or a rational, logical, sequential process intended to solve problems INTRODUCTION Design Instructional Design Instructional Clarifying the terms jharun@utm.my

4. INTRODUCTION What is Instructional Design? • Instructional Design is the systematic process of translating general principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional materials and activities. jharun@utm.my

5. INTRODUCTION What is Instructional Design? • Instructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. • It is the entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. • It includes development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities. jharun@utm.my

6. INTRODUCTION Role of Instructional Design? • Systematic process of instructional design enables you to: • Identify a performance problem • Determine the goals and objectives • Define your learners and their needs • Develop strategies to meet needs and goals • Assess learning outcomes • Evaluate if goals, objectives, and needs are met jharun@utm.my

7. INTRODUCTION Why Instructional Design? • This systematic approach ensures: • There is a need for training. • The learning events are well-designed. • Quality training materials are developed. • Learning events are implemented using appropriate strategies or approaches. • Learning events are evaluated to ensure that learning has taken place. jharun@utm.my

8. INTRODUCTION: REFLECT • How would you use ID for generating long term strategy for meeting training needs? • You want to implement an innovative training & development project that has not been done before. How can you use the ID model to help you? How might it hinder you? • Your manager wants you to "develop" a training program. Does this mean you should not do any analysis or design? jharun@utm.my

9. INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODEL

10. INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODEL What is Instructional Design Model ? • Procedural and conceptual models. • Based on theory (learning theory, systems theory) or practice (company, military, software development). • Give us structure and meaning to a problem. • Examples of Instructional Design Model? jharun@utm.my

11. EXAMPLES OF ID MODEL There are numerous instructional design models: • ADDIE Model • ASSURE Model • Dick & Carey Model • Hannafin & Peck Model • Waterfall Model • Rapid Prototyping Model • Hipermedia Design Model • Multimedia Design Model jharun@utm.my

12. EXAMPLES OF ID MODEL jharun@utm.my

13. EXAMPLES OF ID MODEL jharun@utm.my

14. EXAMPLES OF ID MODEL • A Analyze Learners • S State Objectives • S Select Methods, Media & Materials • U Utilize Media & Materials • R Require Learner Participation • E Evaluate & Revise Assure Model jharun@utm.my

15. Waterfall Model (Traditional) EXAMPLES OF ID MODEL Waterfall Model (Modified) jharun@utm.my

16. EXAMPLES OF ID MODEL jharun@utm.my

17. EXAMPLES OF ID MODEL Hypermedia Design Model jharun@utm.my

18. ID MODEL: ESSENTIAL PHASES Can you list all the essestial phases in ID Model ??? jharun@utm.my

19. ID MODEL: FIVE ESSENTIAL PHASES Five essestial phases in ID Model: • Analysis • Design • Development • Implementation • Evaluation jharun@utm.my

20. ID MODEL: ANALYSIS PHASE • Basis for all other phases in the instructional design process. • To identify barriers or constraints: • define the problems • Identify the audeinces • identify the cause of the problems • determine possible solutions. jharun@utm.my

21. ID MODEL: DESIGN PHASE • How will the content be organized? • How will it be presented to learners? • What delivery format will be used? • What types of activities and exercises will be included? • How will learners' accomplishments be measured? jharun@utm.my

22. ID MODEL: DEVELOPMENT PHASE • Focus on generating the course documents and materials used by faculty, trainers and participants during the delivery of the course. • Outputs of this phase include competency-based learning guides and checklists, pre- and midcourse questionnaires,computer based learning/traning, web page, trainer’s notes, presentation plans, assignment sheets, case studies, etc. jharun@utm.my

23. ID MODEL: IMPLEMENTATION PHASE • The implementation phase of the instructional design process refers to the actual delivery of the instruction as designed. • Competency-based as part of mastery learning • Inservice and preservice delivery • Group-based, computer-based jharun@utm.my

24. ID MODEL: EVALUATION PHASE • The systematic collection, processing, analysis and interpretation of data to determine whether education or training has met its objectives and to identify aspects of the process that should be strengthened. • Types of evaluation include participant reaction, participant learning, on-the-job performance and effect of training. jharun@utm.my

25. ID MODEL: REFLECT • Question: Until now - did you use instructional Design? • What is your opinion concerning the use of Instructional Design Models in eLearning? jharun@utm.my

26. ID MODEL : ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES Advantages: • Cost effective • Saves time and trouble • Promotes effective learning • Systematic Disadvantages • Very linear • Constraining, limits creativity • Time-consuming to implement jharun@utm.my

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