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Unraveling the Persian Wars: The Golden Age of Greece

Dive into the causes, effects, and outcomes of the Persian Wars in Greece. Explore the rise and fall of Athens, and its impact on the ancient world. Engage in sequencing events to understand this pivotal period in history.

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Unraveling the Persian Wars: The Golden Age of Greece

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  1. Aim: How can we sequence (put in order) the events of the Persian Wars in Greece? Do Now: Read Setting the Scene on page 110 and answer the following questions in your notes. • What did Darius of Persia want from the Greeks? • Why were most Greek city-states quick to comply with Darius’s messengers? • What did the Greeks do that they did not normally do when threatened by the Persians? What advantages did Persia have? Persia Greece Homework: Handout and Reading – The Golden Age of Greece Mr. McEntarfer * HSLPS * Global History I

  2. Instructional Objectives • We will be able to: • Sequence (put in order the events of the Persian Wars. • Identify the causes and effects of the Persian Wars. • Describe how the Athenian’s good fortune would eventually lead to their downfall. • Agenda: • Do Now Questions • Instructional Objectives • Discuss map • Reading and Sequencing • Summary Questions

  3. What are the causes of war?

  4. Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE How were Darius’s invasion (purple line) and Xerxes invasion (Green lines) of Greece different?

  5. Activity – As you read pages 110 – 114 place the following events in the proper order (1-10) • Athens defeats Persia at the Battle of Marathon. • Athens experiences a Golden Age under Pericles in which their economy and democratic government thrived. Athens begins to dominate other Greek city-states • Athens sends ships to aid Ionians in rebellion against Persia • Athenians defeat Persian navy at Salamis. • United Greek victory marked an end to Persian Invasions • Athens forms an Alliance called the Delian League to continue the struggle against Persia. • King Xerxes of Persia sends a second army that defeats Greeks including 300 Spartans at the costly Battle of Thermopylae. The Persians go on to burn Athens. • Many Greeks resent Athens power. • Darius of Persia sends a large army to punish Athens for aiding Ionian Rebellion. • The Peloponnesian War erupts between Athens and Sparta

  6. Correct Order • Athens sends ships to aid Ionians in rebellion against Persia • Darius of Persia sends a large army to punish Athens for aiding rebellion. • Athens defeats Persia at the Battle of Marathon. • King Xerxes of Persia sends a second army that defeats Greeks including 300 Spartans at the costly Battle of Thermopylae. The Persians go on to burn Athens. • Athenians defeat Persian navy at Salamis. • United Greek victory marked an end to Persian Invasions • Athens forms an Alliance called the Delian League to continue the struggle against Persia. • Athens experiences a Golden Age under Pericles in which their economy and democratic government thrived. Athens begins to dominate other Greek city-states. • Many Greeks resent Athens power. • The Peloponnesian War erupts between Athens and Sparta. Who do you think won the Peloponnesian War?

  7. Summary Questions • What caused the Persian Wars? • How did winning the Persian Wars affect Greece, particularly Athens? • If you ruled the city-state of Athens after the Persian Wars what would you have done differently to avoid it’s later downfall?

  8. Answers • What caused the Persian Wars?The Persians invaded because they were angry with the Athenians for helping a revolt in Ionia. They also may have want to control Greek trade. • How did winning the Persian Wars affect Greece, particularly Athens?The Greek victory led to a golden age in Athens in which the economy, the arts and democracy thrived. Athens also formed the Delian League, an alliance dominated by Athens to protect against future Persian attacks. The other Greek city-states began to resent Athens power which led to the Peloponnesian War between The Delian League and The Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Athens would be defeated. • If you ruled the city-state of Athens after the Persian Wars what would you have done differently to avoid it’s later downfall? Athens became too full of itself and was resented by the rest of Greece. Athens could have shared their prosperity and treated their former allies with respect. Instead they choose to dominate and tax them for their own gain, not the total glory of Greece. This abuse and resentment caused other city-states to turn to Athens rival Sparta for support which would inevitable lead to the Peloponnesian War and the defeat of Athens.

  9. Long Term Effects • The Peloponnesian War lasted 27 years and severely weakened the Greek city-states. To the north in Macedonia an ambitious leader named Philip took notice and took over Greece. He would die soon after and his son Alexander would unite the Greek city-states, create the world’s largest empire and spread Greek culture around the World. Was the Peloponnesian War a blessing or a curse?

  10. Negatives: Athenian democracy ended. Athenian Golden Age ended It weakened Greece and opened it up to Invasion by Macedonia Positives Macedonia united the Greek city-states Greek culture spreads across the known world as a result of the conquests of the Macedonian Alexander the Great. Positives and Negatives of Peloponnesian War

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